Chapter 18

Heartbeat increases (a) on stimulation of sympathetic nerves (b) On stimulation of vagus nerve (parasympathetic nerve) (c) By adrenalin secreted by adrenal medulla (d) Both (a) and (c)

Select the total number of incorrect matching from the following: (A) ECG-Electro Cardio Gram (B) AVN-Atrio Ventricular Node (C) SAN-Sino Atrial Node (D) WBC-White Blue Cells (E) RBC-Red Blood Cells (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) \(\overline{4}\)

Heartbeat is accelerated by (a) Sympathetic nerves and acetylcholine (b) Cranial nerves and adrenaline (c) Cranial nerves and acetylcholine (d) Sympathetic nerves and epinephrine

Body has the capacity to alter (a) Stroke volume (b) Heart rate (c) Cardiac output (d) All of these

To obtain standard ECG a patient is connected to the machine with three electrical leads attached to the following parts except (a) Right wrist (b) Left wrist (c) Right ankle (d) Left ankle

Find out the incorrect statement from the following: (a) ECG is a graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart during cardiac cycle. (b) For a detailed evaluation of the heart's function, multiple leads are attached to the chest region (chest leads). (c) \(\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{R}, \mathrm{T}\) are \(+\) ve wave whereas \(\mathrm{Q}\) and \(\mathrm{S}\) are -ve wave in standard \(\mathrm{ECG}\). (d) Starting of T-wave marks the end of systole of ventricles.

Select the correct statement from the following: (a) ECG is of great clinical insignificance. (b) By counting the number of QRS complexes (in given time period), we can the find pulse rate. (c) The contraction of atria starts with starting of \(\mathrm{Q}\) wave. (d) T-wave represent repolarization of atria.

Electrocardiogram is a measure of (a) Heart rate (b) Ventricular contraction (c) Volume of blood pumped (d) Electrical activity of heart

P-wave represents (a) Depolarization of ventricles (b) Repolarization of ventricle (c) Repolarization of atria (d) Depolarization of atria

QRS complex represents the (a) Depolarization of ventricles (b) Repolarization of ventricles (c) Repolarization of atria (d) Depolarization of atria

T-wave on an ECG represents (a) Depolarization of ventricles (b) Repolarization of ventricles (c) Repolarization of atria (d) Depolrization of atria

In an adult, normal blood pressure is (a) \(80 / 120 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (b) \(100 / 80 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (c) \(120 / 80 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (d) \(100 / 120 \mathrm{mmHg}\)

Normal \(\mathrm{BP}=120 / 80 \mathrm{mmHg}\) in an adult. In this measurement \(120 \mathrm{mmHg}\) is the pressure and \(80 \mathrm{mmHg}\) is (a) Diastolic, systolic (b) Systolic, diastolic (c) Pulse, diastolic (d) Pulse, systolic

The difference of blood pressure between systolic and diastolic phase is (a) \(10 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}\) (b) \(40 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (c) \(120 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (d) \(180 \mathrm{mmHg}\)

Which one indicates hypertension? (a) \(120 / 80 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (b) \(80 / 120 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (c) \(140 / 90 \mathrm{mmHg}\) (d) \(40 / 60 \mathrm{mmHg}\)

Pulmonary circulation includes (a) Pulmonary artery (b) Pulmonary vein (c) Lungs (d) All of these

The instrument by which BP of human beings are determined is called (a) Ultrasound (b) BP meter (c) Stethoscope (d) Sphygmomanometer

The instrument used to hear heartbeats is called (a) Electrocardiograph (b) Sphygmomanometer (c) Stethoscope (d) Haemometer

A system which supplies blood to heart is (a) Portal system (b) Pulmonary system (c) Coronary system (d) All of these

Hepatic portal system starts from (a) Digestive system to liver (b) Kidney to liver (c) Liver to heart (d) Liver to kidney

A unique vascular connection that exist between the digestive tract and liver is called (a) Renal portal system (b) Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal portal system (c) Hepatic portal system (d) All the above

Pulmonary circulation is required for (a) Nutrient supply to lungs (b) Elimination of waste products from the lungs (c) Oxygenation of deoxygenated blood (d) Nutrient supply to heart

Which of the following is true about hypertension? (a) It leads to cardiac diseases. (b) It affects vital organs like brain and kidney. (c) It repeats the check of blood pressure of an individual as \(140 / 90\) or higher, it shows hypertensions. (d) All the above

Find the incorrect matching: (a) CAD-Atherosclerosis (b) Angina-Angina pectoris (c) Stroke volume-Beat volume (d) Heart failure-Heart attack

Match the Column I with Column II: Column I A. Heart failure B. Cardiac arrest C. Heart Attack D. Coronary Artery disease E. Angina pectoris Column II 1\. Heart muscle is suddenly damaged by an inadequate blood supply. 2\. Chest pain due to inadequate \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) reaching the heart muscles. 3\. Atherosclosis 4\. Heart not pumping blood effectively enough to meet the needs of the body (CAD). 5\. Heart stops beating $$ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline & \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{B} & \mathrm{C} & \mathrm{D} & \mathrm{E} \\ \hline \text { (a) } & 4 & 5 & 1 & 3 & 2 \\ \hline \text { (b) } & 4 & 5 & 3 & 1 & 2 \\ \hline \text { (c) } & 4 & 3 & 5 & 2 & 1 \\ \hline \text { (d) } & 5 & 4 & 2 & 3 & 1 \\ \hline \end{array} $$

It is often referred to as atherosclerosis, it affects the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart muscles. It is caused by the deposition of Ca, fat, cholesterol and fibrous tissues making the lumen of arteries narrow (a) CAD (b) \(\mathrm{SCID}\) (c) Blue baby (d) myocarditis

Rate of heartbeat is the highest in (a) Whale (b) Elephant (c) Mouse (d) Man

Which of the following pair of terms represent both one and the same thing? (a) Plasma-Serum (b) Atrioventricular node-Pacemaker (c) Leucocytes-Lymphocytes (d) Mitral valve-Bicuspid valve

How many times a red blood corpuscle will have to pass through the heart in its journey from hepatic artery to the aorta? (a) Two times (b) Only once (c) Several times (d) Four times

Maximum pressure of blood is experienced (a) When blood enters from left atrium to aorta (b) When blood enters from right atrium to aorta (c) When blood enters from left ventricle to aorta (d) When blood enters from right ventricle to aorta

The blood circulation, which starts and ends into capillaries is (a) Portal circulation (b) Renal circulation (c) Hepatic circulation (d) Lymphatic circulation

Assertion: Simple organism use special fluids within their bodies to transport materials. Reason: Boold is the only fluid used by higher organism including human for transport of certain substances.

Assertion: Simple organism use special fluids within their bodies to transport materials. Reason: Boold is the only fluid used by higher organism including human for transport of certain substances.

Assertion: Closed circulatory system is more effective than open type. Reason: The closed circulatory system considerably enhances the speed, precision and efficiency of circulation.

Assertion: Cardiac output rises during exercise. Reason: Cardiac output helps in less oxygen consumption.

Assertion: Plasma retains water. Reason: Plasma contains an osmotic protein called albumin.

Assertion: An artificial pacemaker can replace the sinoatrial node of heart. Reason: This is because, an artificial pacemaker is capable of stimulating the heart electrically to maintain its beats.

Assertion: Plasma without the clotting factors is called serum. Reason: Serum contain immunoglobulins.

Assertion: Heart of fish contains only deoxygenated blood. Reason: Oxygenated blood do not return back to the heart in fishes.

Assertion: Basophils are involved in inflammatory reaction. Reason: Basophils use to secrete histamine,serotonin, heparin, etc.

Assertion: The reduction in number of platelets can lead to clotting disorders. Reason: Platelets release a variety of sustances most of which are involved in the clotting of blood.

Assertion: Body has the ability to alter cardiac output. Reason: Body has the ability to alter the stroke volume as well as the heart rate.

Assertion: WBCs accumulate at the site of wounds by diapedesis. Reason: It is the squeezing of leucocytes from the endothelium.

Assertion: Opening of pulmonary trunk and aorta are guarded by valves. Reason: These valves prevent backward flow of blood in ventricles

Assertion: SA node is called pacemaker of heart. Reason: It is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythm of heart

Assertion: The wall of left ventricle is thickest among all four chambers of heart. Reason: The left ventricle has to pump blood to whole body.

Assertion: The velocity of flow of blood is minimum in capillaries. Reason: The surface area of capillaries are maximum among all blood vessels.

Assertion: Human heart is myogenic. Reason: Normal activities of heart are regulated intrinsically by specialized muscle.

Assertion: Circulation in amphibians and reptiles is called incomplete double circulation. Reason: Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood get mixed up in the single ventricle pumps out mixed blood.

Assertion: Individual with ' \(\mathrm{O}\) ' blood group is considered to be universal donor. Reason: Blood of 'O' blood group individual do not contain antigens on their RBCs.