Problem 129 - Objective Biology for NEET

Question

A system which supplies blood to heart is (a) Portal system (b) Pulmonary system (c) Coronary system (d) All of these

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct answer is (c) Coronary system. This system supplies blood directly to the heart.

Step 1: Recall the terminologies

Firstly, it is crucial to understand each term - a Portal system involves two capillary beds, a Pulmonary system involves flow of blood between heart and lungs, while the Coronary system relates to blood vessels that directly supply blood to and from the heart.

Step 2: Choose the correct system

Next, by recalling the definition of each term, one can determine that the Coronary system is responsible for supplying blood directly to the heart.

Key Concepts

Pulmonary System

The pulmonary system is a critical aspect of the circulatory system and is specifically involved in the transportation of blood between the heart and lungs. This system ensures that blood is properly oxygenated before it is circulated to the rest of the body.
This process begins when deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right side of the heart through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. Here, blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, a process known as gas exchange.
The oxygen-rich blood is then returned to the left side of the heart via the pulmonary veins. This exchange is essential because it supplies oxygen to the body's organs and tissues, enabling them to function correctly.

• The pulmonary system plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
• It protects the body from inhaled pathogens and irritants by filtering and humidifying the air.
• This system also regulates blood pH through the control of carbon dioxide levels.

Coronary System

The coronary system is an essential network of blood vessels tasked with supplying and draining blood from the heart muscle itself. This system is of utmost importance because, despite the heart constantly working to pump blood to other parts of the body, it requires its own blood supply to function efficiently.
The coronary arteries branch off from the aorta and encircle the heart like a crown, providing it with necessary nutrients and oxygen.

• The main coronary arteries include the left main coronary artery and the right coronary artery.
• The left artery further divides into the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery, each responsible for supplying different regions of the heart muscle.

The coronary veins then collect deoxygenated blood from the heart tissue and return it to the right atrium. Adequate blood supply through the coronary system is crucial because any blockage can lead to conditions such as angina or heart attacks. Thus, understanding and maintaining coronary health is vital for overall cardiovascular well-being.

Blood Vessels

Blood vessels are an integral component of the circulatory system, serving as the conduits that carry blood throughout the body. They are classified into three main types: arteries, veins, and capillaries, each with a distinct role in circulation.

• **Arteries** transport oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. They have thick, muscular walls to handle the high pressure of the blood being pumped by the heart.
• **Veins** carry deoxygenated blood back towards the heart. They have thinner walls and often have valves to ensure blood flows in one direction, preventing any backflow.
• **Capillaries** are tiny, thin-walled vessels where the actual exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide), nutrients, and waste products occurs between blood and tissues.

Efficient functioning of blood vessels ensures proper delivery of oxygen and nutrients, removal of waste, and regulation of blood pressure. They also play a role in controlling body temperature by adjusting the diameter of the vessels to increase or reduce blood flow near the surface of the skin. Understanding blood vessels and their roles helps in comprehending how blood circulates and supports life processes.