Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

Convert each of the following line-angle formulas to a condensed structural formula and give its IUPAC name: ($11.3$)

a. 

b.

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: ($11.3$)

a. 

b. 

c. 

d.

Give the IUPAC name (including cis or trans, if needed) for each of the following: ($11.5, 11.6$)

a.

b.

c. 

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: ($11.3$)

a.

b.

c.

d. 

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula for the product of each of the following:$(11.7)$

The density of pentane, a component of gasoline, is $0.63 g/mL$. The heat of combustion for pentane is $845 Kcal/mole.$ $(7.2,7.4,7.7,7.8,8.6,11.2,11.4)$

a. Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of pentane.

b. What is the molar mass of pentane?

c. How much heat is produced when $1$$gal$ of pentane is burned $(1 gal=4 qt)?$

d. How many liters of $C{O}_2$ at STP are produced from the complete combustion of $1 gal$ of pentane?

Draw the condensed structural formulas for all the possible alkane isomers that have a total of six carbon atoms and a four-carbon chain. $(11.3)$

Draw the cis and trans forms for each of the following:

a) $2-$Butene

b) $2-$hexene

Draw the line angle formula for each of the following:

a) ethylbenzene

b) $2,5-$dibromophenol

c) $3-$chloroaniline

Draw the line angle formula for each of the following:

a) $3-$chlorophenol

b) 1,4-dichlorobenzene

c) 2-bromotoluene

Write a chemical equation for complete combustion for each of the following:

a) $2,2-$dimethylpropane

b) cyclobutane

c) $2-$hexane

Write a chemical equation for complete combustion for each of the following:

a) heptane

b) $2-$methyl$-1-$pentene

c) ethylcyclopentane

Give the name of the product from the hydrogenation of each of the following:

a) $3-$methyl$-2-$pentene

b) cyclohexene

c) propene

Give the name of the product from the hydrogenation of each of the following:

a) $1-$hexene

b) $2-$methyl$-2-$pentene

c) cyclopropene

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula for the product of each of following:

a)

b)

Acetylene (ethyne) gas reacts with oxygen and burns at ${3300}^{o}C$ in an acetylene torch. $(7.4,7.7,8.6,11.4,11.5)$

a. Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of acetylene.

b. What is the molar mass of acetylene?

c. How many grams of oxygen are needed to react with $8.5L$ of acetylene gas at STP?

d. How many liters of $C{O}_2$ gas at STP are produced when $30.0g$ of acetylene undergoes combustion?

Draw the cis and trans isomers for each of the following:
a. $2-pentene$
b. $3 -hexene$

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:
a. $ethylcyclopropane$
b. $2-methylhexane$
c. $2,3 -dichloro-1-butene$

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:
a. $bromocyclopropane$
b. $1,1-dibromo-2-pentyne$
c. $cis-2-heptene$

 Name each of the following aromatic compounds:

Draw the condensed structural formulas for all the possible haloalkane isomers that have four carbon atoms and a bromine. $(11.3)$

Explosives used in mining contain TNT, or trinitrotoluene. $(11.8)$

a. If the functional group nitro is $N{O}_2$ draw the line-angle formula for $2,4,6$-trinitrotoluene, one isomer of TNT.

b. TNT is actually a mixture of isomers of trinitrotoluene. Draw the line-angle formulas for two other possible isomers.

Margarines are produced from the hydrogenation of vegetable oils, which contain unsaturated fatty acids. How many grams of hydrogen are required to completely saturate $75.0$g of oleic acid, ${\mathrm{C}}_{18}{\mathrm{H}}_{34}{\mathrm{O}}_2$which has one double bond?

Consider the compound propane. $(7.4,7.7,11.2,11.4)$

a. Draw the condensed structural formula for propane.

b. Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propane.

c. How many grams of $O_2$ are needed to react with $12.0L$of propane gas at STP?

d. How many grams of $C{O}_2$ would be produced from the reaction in part c?

Consider the compound ethylcyclopentane. $(7.4,7.7,8.6,11.3,11.4)$

a. Draw the line-angle formula for ethylcyclopentane.

b. Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethylcyclopentane.

c. Calculate the grams of $O_2$ required for the combustion of$25.0g$ of ethylcyclopentane.

d. How many liters of $C{O}_2$ would be produced at STP from the reaction in part c?