Chapter 22

Thyroid controls the metabolism of (a) Carbohydrates (b) Proteins (c) Lipids (fat) (d) All of these

A. Melatonin influences menstrual cycle and our defence capability. B. In adult women, hypothyroidism may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular. C. Protein hormone secreted by thyroid, TCT (Thyrocalcitonin) regulates the blood calcium level. D. Maintenance of water and electrolytes balance is also influenced by thyroid hormone. E. Oxytocin causes milk ejection from mammary gland. Select the correct statement: (a) A, B and C only (b) \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{E}\) only (c) All except \(\mathrm{D}\) (d) All statements are correct

Which of the following hormones affect \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) ion metabolism? (a) TCT (Thyrocalcitonin) (b) Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Cortisol

The full form of PTH is (a) Parathyroid hormone (b) Prethyroid hormone (c) Prothyroid hormone (d) Pretectile hormone

PTH is (a) Protein hormone (b) Peptide hormone (c) Biogenic amines (d) Steroid

The process by which PTH increases blood \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) level except (a) Acts on bones and stimulates the process of bone reabsorption/dissolution/ demineralization. (b) Reabsorption of \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) by the renal tubules. (c) Increases \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) absorption from the digested food. (d) Increases osteoblastic activity.

Which of the following is correct about thymus? (a) Globular structure located on the dorsal side of the heart and aorta. (b) It plays minor role in the development of the immune system. (c) The thymus size increases with age. (d) Thymus doesn't affect the production of antibodies.

Thymosin is (a) Peptide hormone (b) Secreted by pituitary (c) Helps in RBC production (d) Decreases WBC production

Which gland plays major role in the differentiation of T-lymphocyte? (a) Thyroid (b) Thymus (c) Adrenal (d) Gonads

Immune response of old persons are weak because (a) Thymus is degenerated in old individual (b) Thymus production decreases (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

The position of adrenal gland is (a) Anterior part of each kidney (b) Posterior part of each kidney (c) Ventral part of each kidney (d) Dorsal part of each kidney

The term 'Cortex' is used in (a) Brain (b) Kidney (c) Adrenal gland (d) All of these

The adrenal medulla secretes two hormones called adrenaline or epinephrine and nor-adrenaline or nor-epinephrine. These are commonly known as (a) Steroids (b) Terpenes (c) Catecholamine (d) Cytokinin

Emergency hormone and hormones of fight are (a) Adrenalin (b) Noradrenaline (c) Cortisol (d) Both (a) and (b)

A. Increase alertness B. Pupilary constriction C. Piloerection D. Increase heart rate E. Increase respiratory rate F. Sweating Which of the above are effects of adrenaline/Noradrenaline? (a) All except C (b) All except \(\mathrm{B}\) and \(\mathrm{F}\) (c) All except B (d) All except \(\mathrm{B}, \mathrm{E}\) and \(\mathrm{F}\)

Catecholamine causes (a) Glycogenolysis (b) Proteolysis (c) Lipolysis (d) All of these

Glucocorticoid causes all except (a) Proteolysis (b) Lipolysis (c) Glycogenolysis (d) Gluconeogenesis

Histological adrenal cortex is divided into how many layers? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Which of the following layers are present in the adrenal cortex from inner to outer? (a) Zona reticularis, zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosa (b) Zona fasciculata, zona glomerulosis, zona reticularis (c) Zona glomerulosa, zona reticularis, zona fasciculata (d) Zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis

The adrenal cortex secretes many hormones commonly called (a) Catecholamine (b) Peptide (c) Corticoids (d) All of these

In our body the main glucocorticoid is (a) Adrenaline (b) Aldosterone (c) \(\mathrm{ADH}\) (d) Cortisol

In our body the main mineral corticoid is (a) Adrenaline (b) Aldosterone (c) \(\mathrm{ADH}\) (d) Cortisol

Which of the following is incorrect about glucocorticoid? (a) Inhibits cellular uptake and utilization of amino acids. (b) Maintains cardio vascular system as well as kidney function. (c) Anti-inflammatory and suppresses the immune response. (d) Glucocorticoid stimulates gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and proteolysis.

Which of the following are effects of cortisol? (a) Anti-inflammatory (b) Immunosuppressant (c) Increases RBC production (d) All of these

Aldosterone causes all except (a) Reabsorption of electrolyte and water from renal tubule (b) Excretion of \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) (c) Excretion of \(\mathrm{PO}^{2}\), ion (d) Absorption of \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\)

Aldosterone helps in the maintenance of (a) Electrolyte and body fluid volume (b) Osmotic pressure (c) Blood pressure (d) All of these

Androgenic steroids are also secreted by adrenal cortex which causes (a) Growth of axial hair (b) Growth of pubic hair (c) Growth of facial hair (d) All of these

Adrenal cortex secretes all except (a) Cortisol (b) Aldosterone (c) Androgenic steroid (d) Relaxin

Islet of langerhans consists of (a) \(\propto\) -cells (b) \(\beta\) cells (c) \(\delta\) -cells (d) All of these

The following are petide hormones except (a) Insulin (b) PTH (c) Thymosin (d) \(\mathrm{T}_{4}\)

A. Acts mainly on liver cells B. Stimulate glycogenolysis C. Stimulate gluconeogenesis D. Reduces glucose uptake and utilization Which of the following is correct about the action of glucagon from the above statements? (a) \(\mathrm{A}\) and \(\mathrm{B}\) only (b) B and C only (c) \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}\) and \(\mathrm{C}\) only (d) All of these

Select the incorrect statement: (a) Insulin and glucagon are peptide hormones. (b) Insulin acts mainly on hepatocyte and adipocytes and enhance glucose uptake and utilization. (c) Insulin stimulates glycogenesis. (d) Glucagon inhibits the process of gluconeogenesis.

Following are the functions of insulin except (a) Glycogenesis (b) \(\uparrow\) Glucose utilization by hepatocyte (c) \(\uparrow\) Glucose utilization by adipocyte (d) Gluconeogenesis

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by (a) Ketonuria (b) Glycosuria (c) Prolonged hyperglycemia (d) All of these

Select the correct matching. (a) Insulin - \downarrowes the uptake of glucose utilization by hepatocyte and adipocytes (b) Cortisol - \downarrowes RBC production, causes inflammation (c) Thymosin - Promotes the production of antibodies to provide humoral immunity also (d) Thyroxine - No role in water and electrolyte balance

Select the incorrect matching. (a) Zona fasciculata - Glucocorticoids (b) \(\propto\) -cell - Glucagon (c) \(\beta\) -cell - Insulin (d) Follicular cells of thyroid \(-\mathrm{TCT}\)

Testis act as the (a) Primary sex organ (b) Endocrine gland (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Leydig cells or interstitial cells secretes (a) Oestrogens (b) Progesterone (c) Testosterone (d) Relaxin

Androgens from the following are (a) Oestrogens (b) Progesterone (c) Testosterone (d) Relaxin

A. Anabolic effect on protein and carbohydrate metabolism. B. Influences male sexual behaviour (libido). C. Stimulates spermatogenesis. D. Muscular growth, aggressiveness, low pitch voice. Above are the functions of which of the following hormones? (a) Oestrogens (b) Progesterone (c) Testosterone (d) Relaxin

Select the total number of male accessory sex organs from the following: Epididymis, Vas deferens, Seminal vesicle, Prostate, Urethra. (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5

Androgen regulates the of male accessory sex organ. (a) Development \(\begin{array}{lll}\text { (b) Maturation } & \text { (c) Function } & \text { (d) All of these }\end{array}\)

Testis is composed of (a) Uriniferous tubules (b) Seminiferous tubules (c) Nephron (d) Neuron

Select the correct matching: (a) Interstitial cells-Testosterone (b) \beta-cells-Glucagon (c) \(\propto\) -cells-Insulin (d) Follicular cells-TCT

Which one is correct about testis in human? (a) Situated in scrotal sacs (outside the abdomen) (b) Consists of seminiferous tubule and Leydig cells (c) Secretion effect of male sexual behaviour (libido) (d) All of these

ANF leads to (a) Dilation of blood vessels (b) \downarrowes blood pressure (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Tes blood pressure

Match the column: Column I (Production Site) A. Atrial wall B. Thyroid gland C. Parathyroid D. GIT Column II (Hormones) 1\. ANF 2\. PTH 3\. \(\mathrm{T}_{3}, \mathrm{~T}_{4}, \mathrm{TCT}\) 4\. CCK, GIP, gastrin and secretin (a) \(\mathrm{A}-2, \mathrm{~B}-4, \mathrm{C}-1, \mathrm{D}-3\) (b) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-4\) (c) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-1\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-1\)

Match the Column: Hormone A. Gastrin B. Secretin C. CCK (Cholesystokinin) D. GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide) Function 1\. Act on exocrine pancreas and stimulates the secretion of water and bicarbonate ion 2\. Action both pancrease and gall bladder and stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzyme and bile juice respectively. 3\. Acts on gastric gland and stimulates the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen. 4\. Inhibits gastric secretion and motility. (a) \(\mathrm{A}-3, \mathrm{~B}-1, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-4\) (b) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-4, \mathrm{D}-2\) (c) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-4\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-1, \mathrm{D}-2\)

Select the incorrect statement: (a) GIT secretes four major peptide hormones. (b) Several other non-endocrine tissues secrete hormones called growth factors. (c) Hormone receptors are located in target tissues only. (d) Hormone receptors are non-specific in nature.

By which organ the hormones are secreted which are non endocrine gland? (a) Heart (b) Kidney (c) GIT (d) All of these