Chapter 12

Deficiency symptom of plants includes (a) Chlorosis and necrosis (b) Stunted plant growth and inhibition of cell division (c) Premature fall of leaves and buds (d) All of these

Chlorosis is caused due to the deficiency of (a) \(\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{K}, \mathrm{Mg}\) (b) \(\mathrm{S}, \mathrm{Fe}, \mathrm{Mn}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Zn}\) and \(\mathrm{Me}\) (d) All of these

Necrosis particularly leaf tissue is caused by (a) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cu}\) (c) \(\mathrm{K}\) (d) All of these

Low level of \(\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{K}, \mathrm{S}, \mathrm{Mo}\) is caused by (a) Chlorosis (b) Inhibition of cell division (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Delay in flowering occurs due to the deficiency of (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\mathrm{S}\) (c) Mo (d) All of these

The technique of growing plants without soil in nutrient solutions is called (a) Parthenogenesis (b) Hydroponics (c) Aquaculture (d) Tissue culture

Which of the following element is not essential for plants? (a) Iron (b) Zinc (c) Potassium (d) Iodine

Inorganic nutrients are present in soil in the form of (a) Molecules (b) Atoms (c) Electrically charged ions (d) Parasite

Tracer elements are (a) Microelements (b) Macroclements (c) Radioisotopes (d) Vitamins

The death of stem and root tips occur due to the deficiency of (a) Phosphorus (b) Calcium (c) Nitrogcn (d) Carbon

The plants requiring two metallic compounds (mincrals) for chlorophyll synthesis arc (a) \(\mathrm{Fe}\) and \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Fe}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (c) Cu and \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) and \(\mathrm{K}\)

Calcium can affect the (a) Permeability of plasma membrane (b) Hydration of colloids (c) Translocation of carbohydrates and amino acids (d) Development of root

Which of the following is not absorbed through soil? (a) Carbon (b) Nitrogen (c) Potassium (d) All of these

Which of the following is considered to be the elements between macronutrients and micronutrients? (a) Iron (b) Nitrogen (c) Phosphorus (d) Manganese

The major role of phosphorus in plant metabolism is (a) To generate metabolic energy (b) To evolve oxygen during photosynthesis (c) To evolve carbon dioxide during respiration (d) To create anaerobic conditions

Phosphorus is a structural element in (a) Fat (b) Starch (c) Nucleotide (d) Carbohydrate

The most abundent element present in the plants is (a) Manganese (b) Iron (c) Carbon (d) Nitrogen

Photosynthetic photolysis of water takes place in the presence of (a) \(\mathrm{Mn}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cl}\) (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Copper is the component of (a) Cytochrome oxidase (b) Plastocyanin (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Which of the following element is a component of ferredoxin? (a) \(\mathrm{Cu}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mn}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Zn}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Fe}\)

Function of zinc is (a) Synthesis of chlorophyll (b) Biosynthesis of IAA (c) Closing of stomata (d) Oxidation of carbohydrate

The process by which mincrals are absorbed is (a) Active absorption (b) Passive absorption (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

The active uptake of minerals by roots mainly depends on the (a) Availability of oxygen (b) Light (c) Temperature (d) Availability of carbon dioxide

Nitrogen is a component of (a) Protein (b) Chlorophyll (c) Nucleic acid (d) All of these

Which one of the following can fix atmospheric nitrogen directly? (a) Pea (b) Brassica (c) Castor (d) Petunia

Knot like bodies known as 'nodules' are found in the roots of groundnut plant it is produced by (a) Azospirillum (b) Azotobacter (c) Pseudomonas (d) Rhizobium

Nitrogen fixation means (a) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) changes in \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) changes in \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) change into nitrates (d) None of these

Nif genes occur in (a) Rhizobium (b) Aspergillus (c) Penicillium (d) Streptococcus

Which of the following pigments is essential for the nitrogen fixation by leguminous plants? (a) Anthocyanin (b) Phycocyanin (c) Phycoerythrin (d) Leghaemoglobin

Assertion: Biological nitrogen fixation is a very high energy input process. Reason: One molecule of ammonia formation requires 8 ATP during biological nitrogen fixation.

Assertion: Leguminous plants are nitrogen fixers. Reason: Leguminous plants have rhizobium in their root nodules.

Assertion: The use of fertilizers greatly enhances the crop productivity. Reason: Irrigation is very important in increasing crop productivity.

Assertion: Hydroponics is uscd for solution culture. Reason: A balanced nutricnt solution contains both cssential and non-cssential clements.

Assertion: Nitrogen is very cssential for sustenance of lifc. Reason: Plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly.

Assertion: The movement of ion is usually called flux. Reason: The concentration of essential elements below which the plant growth is retarded is termed as critical concentration.

Assertion: Iron takes part in the electron transport system of mitochondria. Reason: Iron has no role in chlorophyll synthesis.

Assertion: Rhizobium fixes nitrogen in the symbiotic association with root nodules of leguminous plants only. Reason: Biological nitrogen fixation is anaerobic process.

Assertion: Nitrogen fixing bacteria in legume root nodules survive in oxygen depleted cells of nodules. Reason: Leghaemoglobin completely removes oxygen from the nodule cells.

Assertion: Deficiency of sulphur causes chlorosis in plants. Reason: Sulphur is a constituent of chlorophyll, proteins and nucleic acids.

Assertion: \(\mathrm{S}\) and \(\mathrm{Ca}\) are immobile. Reason: \(\mathrm{S}\) and \(\mathrm{Ca}\) are part of the structural component of cell and hence it is not easily released.

Assertion: Boron is required for the uptake and utilization of calcium ion. Reason: Boron is not required for carbohydrate translocation.

Assertion: Calcium is a constituent of middle lamella. Reason: Calcium is required in mitotic division.

Assertion: Sulphur is present in two amino acids such as cysteine and methionine. Reason: Vitamin (thiamine, biotin, coenzyme-A) and ferredoxin also contains sulphur.

Assertion: Nutritional adaptation is found in insectivorous plants. Reason: They grow in \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) deficient soil so to obtain nitrogen they eat and digest insect.

Assertion: Hydroponics is useful technique. Reason: Hydroponics is use for identification of essential element and their deficiency symptoms.

Assertion: \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) is useful for transpiration process. Reason: \(\mathrm{K}^{+}\) ion help in opening and closing of stomata.

Assertion: Water splitting reaction in photosynthesis is essential for oxygen cvolution. Reason: \(\mathrm{Mn} 2^{+}, \mathrm{Cl}, \mathrm{Ca}^{21}\) ions required for photolysis of water during photosynthesis.

Assertion: Manganese toxicity leads to deficiency of iron and magnesium. Reason: Manganese competes with iron and magnesium for uptake.

Assertion: Nitrogen is limiting nutrient for both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Reason: Plant competes with microbes for limited nitrogen available in soil.

Assertion: Absorption of mineral is inhibited by anaerobic environment. Reason: Absorption of mineral is mainly active absorption require oxygenic respiration for more energy.