Chapter 12

Hydroponics require (a) Purified water (b) Impure water (c) Mineral nutrient salt (d) Both (a) and (c)

Hydroponic is a successfully cmployed technique for the commercial production of vegetables like (a) Tomato (b) Seedless cucumber (c) Lettuce (d) All of these

Find the true/false statement from the following: (a) Only 50 elements are found in different plants. (b) In hydroponics, the nutrient solution must be adequately aerated to obtain optimum growth. (c) Some plant species accumulate selenium. (d) By hydroponics essential elements were identified and their deficiency symptoms were also discovered. (a) FTTT (b) FFTT (c) FTFT (d) FFFT

Which one of the following is Arnon's criterion for the essentiality of element? (a) In the absence of element, plants do not complete their life cycle or set the seeds. (b) Deficiency of element cannot be met by supplying other element. (c) The element must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant.

The following are macronutrients except (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\overline{\mathrm{P}}\) (c) \(\mathrm{S}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Mn}\)

The following are micronutrients except (a) \(\mathrm{Zn}\) (b) \(\mathrm{B}\) (c) Mo (d) \(\mathrm{Ca}\)

\(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}, \mathrm{O}\) is mainly obtained from (a) Soil and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) Soil only (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) only

What is the number of the absolutely essential elements for growth and metabolism of all plants? (a) 14 (b) 17 (c) 21 (d) 23

Some beneficial elements required by higher plants are (a) \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Si}, \mathrm{Co}, \mathrm{Se}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Si}\), Os, \(\mathrm{I}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Co}, \mathrm{Ir}, \mathrm{At}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Si}, \mathrm{W}, \mathrm{Ag}\)

Select the correct match: Column I Column II A. \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) 1\. Chlorophyll B. \(\mathrm{P}\) 2\. ATP C. \(\mathrm{Zn}\) 3\. Alcohol dehydrogenase \(\begin{array}{lll}\text { D. Mo } & \- & \text { 4. Nitrogenase }\end{array}\) (a) \(\mathrm{A}-2, \mathrm{~B}-1, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-4\) (b) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-4\) (c) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-1, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-3\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-2, \mathrm{D}-1\)

Which element plays an important role in opening and closing of stomata? (a) \(\mathrm{P}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}\) (c) \(\mathrm{K}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ca}\)

Which essential nutrient in plant is required in greatest amount? (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\mathrm{P}\) (c) \(\mathrm{K}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ca}\)

Nitrogen is one of the major constituents of (a) Protein (b) Nucleic acid (c) Vitamins and hormones (d) All of these

Select the incorrect match: Element Absorbable form (a) Nitrogen \(-\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}, \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\), (b) Sulphur \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) (c) Iron \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) (d) Boron \(-\quad \mathrm{BO}_{3}^{3-}, \mathrm{B}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}\)

Which of the following is required for all phosphorylation reaction? (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (c) \(\mathrm{P}\) (d) \(\mathrm{K}\)

Which of the following is the function of potassium? (1) Cation-anion balance in cell (2) Involved in protein synthesis (3) Activation of enzyme (4) Opening and closing of stomata (5) Maintenance of turgidity of cell (a) All except 1 (b) All except 1 and 2 (c) All except 3 (d) All of these

Which element is involved in the formation of mitotic spindle? (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\mathrm{P}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (d) \(\mathrm{K}\)

The following functions are related to which clement mainly? (1) Activated enzyme of photosynthesis and respiration. (2) Involved in synthesis of DNA and RNA. (3) Helps to maintain the structure of ribosome. (a) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (c) \(\mathrm{S}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Fc}\)

Which of the following is true about iron? (a) It is a constituent of ferredoxin and cytochrome. (b) It activates catalase enzyme. (c) It is essential for the formation of chlorophyll. (d) All the above

Which element is related to the splitting of water in light reaction of photosynthesis? (a) \(\mathrm{Mn}\) (b) Mo (c) \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{Fe}}\) (d) \(\mathrm{B}\)

The element involved in splitting of water is (a) \(\mathrm{Mn}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Cl}\) (d) All of these

Ascent of mineral is mainly due to (a) Xylem (b) Phloem (c) Pericycle (d) Cortex

The function of soil is to (a) Supply mineral to plants (b) Harbour the nitrogen fixing bacteria (c) Hold water and supply air to root (d) All of these

Fertilizer contains (a) Micronutrient (b) Macronutrient (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Nitrogen is limiting mineral for (a) Natural ecosystem (b) Agro-ecosystem (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Conversion of \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) to ammonia is known as (a) Nitrogen fixation (b) Nitrification (c) Denitrification (d) Ammonification

Lightening and UV radiation can cause a reaction between nitrogen and oxygen and produces (a) \(\mathrm{NO}\) (b) \(\mathrm{NO}\), (c) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (d) All of these

Decomposition of organic nitrogen of dead plants and animals into ammonia is called (a) Nitrogen fixation (b) Nitrification (c) Denitrification (d) Ammonification

What happens to ammonia formed by ammonification? (a) Some gets volatilized (b) Most of it gets converted into nitrate by soil bacteria (c) Some will undergo biological nitrogen fixation (d) Both (a) and (b)

\(2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) This process of nitrification is done by bacteria. (a) Pseudomonas (b) Thiobacillus (c) Nitrobacter (d) Nitrococcus

Nitrifying bacteria are (a) Photoautotroph (b) Chemoautotroph (c) Heterotrophy (d) All of these

Nitrate present in the soil is also reduced to nitrogen by the process of denitrification it is carricd out by (a) Pseudomonas (b) Thiobacillus (c) Rhizobium (d) Both (a) and (b)

Reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organism is called (a) Nitrification (b) Denitrification (c) Biological nitrogen fixation (d) Ammonification

\(\mathrm{N} \equiv \mathrm{N} \rightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme (a) Isomerase (b) Nitrogenase (c) Carbonic anhydrase (d) Higase

Frankia produced nitrogen by fixing nodule on (a) Lentils (b) Garden pea (c) Alnus (d) Broad bean

The sequential stage for principal stages of nodule formation are (1) Rhizobia multiply and colonies the surrounding roots. (2) Rhizobia attached to epidermal and root hair cells. (3) Root hair curl and bacteria invades root hair. (4) Initiation of nodule formation in cortex. (5) Infection thread is produced carrying bacteria to cortex. (6) Bacteria released from thread into cells and causes their differentiation in specialized nitrogen fixing cells. (7) Nodule formed is establish, a direct vascular connection with the host for exchange of nutrient. (a) $\mathrm{I} \rightarrow \mathrm{VII} \rightarrow \mathrm{II} \rightarrow \mathrm{VI} \rightarrow \mathrm{III} \rightarrow \mathrm{V} \rightarrow \mathrm{IV}$ (b) II $\rightarrow \mathrm{III} \rightarrow \mathrm{IV} \rightarrow \mathrm{I} \rightarrow \mathrm{VII} \rightarrow \mathrm{V} \rightarrow \mathrm{VI}$ (c) VII $\rightarrow \mathrm{VI} \rightarrow \mathrm{IV} \rightarrow \mathrm{I} \rightarrow \mathrm{III} \rightarrow \mathrm{V} \rightarrow \mathrm{II}$ (d) $\mathrm{I} \rightarrow \mathrm{II} \rightarrow \mathrm{III} \rightarrow \mathrm{V} \rightarrow \mathrm{IV} \rightarrow \mathrm{VI} \rightarrow \mathrm{VII}$

Root nodule of leguminous plant contains (a) Nitrogenase (b) Leg-haemoglobin (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

The enzyme nitrogenase is (a) Mo-Fe protein (b) Mo-Mn protein (c) Mn-Fe protein (d) Cu-Fe protein

Which cells are divided for nodule formation? (a) Inner cortex (b) Pericycle (c) Endodermis (d) Both (a) and (b)

For the production of 2 mol. \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) how much ATP is required in biological nitrogen fixation reaction (i. e., \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) ? (a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 32

Nitrogenase requires \(\quad\) condition for its activity. (a) Aerobic (b) Anaerobic (c) Ozonized environment (d) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\)

Which of the following is incorrect about nitrogen fixation in nodulc? (a) It is a high energy process. (b) Leg-haemoglobin acts as oxygen scavenger. (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) is requircd as a cofactor for nitrogenase cnzyme. (d) This process uses atmospheric nitrogen but not atmospheric hydrogen directly.

Which is the main amino acid that is used for transamination? (a) Tyrosine (b) Proline (c) Glutamic acid (d) Alanine

Select the incorrect statement from the following: (a) The amides - aspargine and glutamine are found in plants as structural part of protein. (b) Amides contain less nitrogen than amino acid. (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\) radicle is transported to other parts via xylem. (d) In soyabean, the fixed nitrogen is transported as ureides.

Ureides have (a) High \(\mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}\) ratio (b) Low N/C ratio (c) Any of these (d) None of these

Which of the following is incorrect about \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\) ion? (a) It is formed by the protonation of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). (b) Less toxic so it can be accumulated in plants. (c) It is used to synthesize amino acid in plants. (d) All the above

Select the order of true and false statements: (a) Boron deficiency leads to stout axis. (b) Every mineral element that is present in a cell is needed by the cell. (c) Nitrogen as a nutrient element is highly immobile in the plants. (d) It is very easy to establish the essentiality of micronutrients because they are required only in trace quantities. (a) FFFT (b) FFTT (c) TTFF (d) TTTF

What is critical concentration? (a) Concentration of essential element which causes flowering in plants. (b) Concentration of essential element which is easily absorbed by plants. (c) Concentration of essential element below which the plant growth is retarded. (d) All the above

Select the order of true and false statements: (1) Morphological changes which are indicative of certain element deficiencies are known as deficiency symptoms. (2) For actively mobilized element, the deficiency symptoms first appear in older tissues. (3) When element is relatively immobile, the deficiency symptom first appear in younger tissue. (4) Mineral nutrition study of plant have great significance to agriculture and horticulture. (a) FFFT (b) FFTT (c) TTFF (d) TTTT

Deficiency symptom of \(\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{K}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}\) appears in (a) Young leaf (b) Meristematic tissue (c) Young stem (d) Senescent leaves