Chapter 2

The nurse will teach parents of small children that the most common type of first-degree burn is: 1\. scalding from hot bath water or spills. 2\. contact with hot surfaces such as stoves, fireplaces. 3\. contact with flammable liquids and/or gases resulting in flash burns. 4\. sunburn from lack of protection and overexposure.

The nurse will teach the community-based client that the most common cause of injury from a house fire is: 1\. explosion. 2\. falls from second-story windows. 3\. thermal damage to skin and body surfaces. 4\. inhalation thermal injury.

Acute hyphema is associated with what type of injury? 1\. orthopedic 2\. eye 3\. insect sting or snakebite 4\. gynecological trauma

The patient has sustained a hyphema; what intervention should the nurse take? 1\. Have client wear ear protectors in the future. 2\. Keep the client at bed rest typically with head of bed up. 3\. Apply atropine eye drops. 4\. Apply an ice pack to the site of injury.

The nurse’s first action upon discovery of an electrical fire is which of the following? 1\. Disconnect the electrical power if this can be done safely. 2\. Smother the source with an object such as a blanket. 3\. Saturate the source with water or other liquid readily available. 4\. Activate the fire alarm immediately

While repositioning a comatose client, the nurse senses a tingling sensation as she lowers the bed. What action should she take? 1\. Unplug the bed’s power source. 2\. Remove the client from the bed immediately. 3\. Notify the biomedical department at once. 4\. Turn off the oxygen.

After securing the client’s safety from a faulty grounded electric bed, the nurse will take which action? 1\. Discuss the matter with the client’s significant others. 2\. Document the incident in the client’s record in detail. 3\. Notify the physician. 4\. Prepare an incident report.

The nurse is documenting a H-E-A-D-D-S-S inventory on the client. In which age group does the client fit? 1\. preschoool 2\. middle childhood 3\. adolescence 4\. college age

1\. One afternoon, an adult male with no history of past medical conditions arrives by ambulance in cardiac arrest after being discovered unconscious in his backyard. The nurse notes his skin to be warm and moist to touch, diffusely swollen with multiple punctate lesions of the lower extremities. A likely cause of the emergency is: 1\. pulmonary embolus. 2\. head trauma. 3\. envenomation. 4\. myocardial infarction.

The nurse is documenting a H-E-A-D-D-S-S inventory on the client. In which age group does the client fit? 1\. preschoool 2\. middle childhood 3\. adolescence 4\. college age

To ensure patient safety when making an occupied bed, the nurse will place the side rails in which of the following positions? 1\. both side rails in the lowered position 2\. the side rail opposite the nurse’s working area in the lowered position 3\. both side rails in the raised position 4\. the side rail opposite the nurse’s working area in the raised position

Which of the following indicators increases the elderly client’s risk for falls? 1\. cranial nerve five dysfunction 2\. negative orthostatic vital signs 3\. negative Romberg’s sign 4\. diagnosis of urinary tract infection

Which of the following risk factors is significant for predicting domestic violence in the adult population? 1\. married individuals 2\. lower socioeconomic status 3\. history of domestic violence in childhood 4\. no professional education or vocational training

While assessing a Vietnamese child in the emergency department, the nurse notes erythematous, linear markings on the torso. As the caregiver explains how she put them there to treat fever, the nurse suspects: 1\. cupping. 2\. coining. 3\. accidental trauma or child abuse. 4\. chelation

During a well infant check-up, the RN notes ecchymotic, bluish markings across the buttocks and sacral region of a dark-skinned infant. The markings most likely represent what skin condition? 1\. child abuse pattern injury or soft tissue trauma 2\. petechiae 3\. Mongolian spots 4\. Koplik’s spots

7\. During a well infant check-up, the RN notes a religious amulet around the client’s neck. What is the best response to the caregiver? 1\. “Can you tell me about the necklace?” 2\. “This is a choking hazard.” 3\. “Let me get this off.” 4\. “Why did you put this around the baby’s neck?”

. The RN is developing a community accident prevention program related to older adult premature death. Which of the following topics will be presented? 1\. drowning 2\. burns 3\. influenza 4\. motor vehicle accidents

A lifeless child is brought unconscious to ER with resuscitative efforts in progress. In considering the etiology of childhood deaths, which of the following is the most likely cause? 1\. poisoning 2\. congenital defects 3\. accidents 4\. influenza

Community accident prevention education will include which of the following facts regarding the most prevalent cause of accidental death from age 1–44? 1\. drowning 2\. burns 3\. motor vehicle accidents 4\. firearms

2\. The nurse providing safety instruction to a local daycare explains that the leading cause of death for preschool children is: 1\. drowning 2\. burns 3\. falls 4\. motor vehicle accidents

The nurse teaching a parenting class instructs that the hot water temperature in the home should be at what degree to prevent thermal burns? 1\. 100°F 2\. 120°F 3\. 140°F 4\. 150°F

Which of the following is the leading cause of accidental injury in the elderly? 1\. falls 2\. motor-vehicle accidents 3\. firearm related trauma 4\. unintentional overdose

While eating in the hospital cafeteria, the nurse sees a visitor display the “universal sign of choking.” Her first action is: 1\. page a “Code Blue” emergency. 2\. immediately perform the Heimlich maneuver. 3\. assess for ineffective breathing by asking, “Are you choking?” 4\. deliver four sharp back blows between the scapulae.

While eating in the hospital cafeteria, the nurse sees a visitor fall from a chair in the midst of a tonoclonic seizure. Her first action is: 1\. page a “Code Blue” emergency. 2\. position the visitor laterally and restrain the extremities to prevent injury. 3\. assess for airway effectiveness and position the visitor laterally. 4\. shake the visitor vigorously and establish unresponsiveness.

The nurse discovers a waste basket fire in the room of a sleeping patient. What action should be taken immediately? 1\. Remove the patient to safety. 2\. Report the fire. 3\. Extinguish the fire. 4\. Check the patient for breathing and circulation

The nurse recognizes which correct principle guiding the use of side rails? 1\. Side rails are used mainly as a precaution against falls in the elderly. 2\. Side rails are a form of restraint. 3\. Side rails should be up at all times if a patient is at risk for falling. 4\. No special consent is necessary for the use of side rails.

What kind of agent is sarin? 1\. a neurotoxin 2\. a blister agent 3\. a respiratory (choking) agent 4\. a blood agent

Smallpox is contagious: 1\. from the time the rash develops until the scabs are gone. 2\. only until the rash begins to appear. 3\. from 1 week before the rash develops until the scabs are formed. 4\. within 24 hours of first coming into contact with the virus.

Anthrax exposure was seen by a community health nurse in a clinic in the west. The following symptoms were all seen except: 1\. black sores and blisters on hands and forearms (cutaneous skin). 2\. chest cold or flu symptoms, respiratory distress (inhalation). 3\. intense abdominal pain, bowel obstruction (gastrointestinal). 4\. eye damage and loss of sight (optic).

Which biological agent occurs when food is contaminated? 1\. Tularemia 2\. blister agents 3\. plague 4\. Salmonella

The key to handling unexpected emergencies is: 1\. have a plan of action. 2\. let “nature take its course.” 3\. “what will be, will be.” 4\. know 911.

In regard to safety for emergency care, which of the following statements is most accurate? 1\. Bacterial contamination of foods is uncontrollable. 2\. Fire is the greatest cause of unintentional death. 3\. Temperature extremes seldom affect the safety of clients in acute care facilities. 4\. Carbon dioxide levels should be monitored in home settings.

To organize urgent nursing interventions effectively, the nurse should do all except: 1\. assess the situation rapidly; prioritize individuals. 2\. triage individuals, so that care can be given in priority. 3\. consolidate activities for more effective care. 4\. classify problems as a wait (time) will not affect the outcome of treatment.

Treatment for botulism includes all of the following except: 1\. airway management. 2\. atropine. 3\. antitoxin. 4\. assisted ventilations.

When is an emergency assessment done by the nurse? 1\. all the time, whether the situation is an emergency or not 2\. in a disaster situation only 3\. during a physiologic or psychologic client crisis 4\. when a client asks you to do one

What is the most important assessment that the nurse does with a client during an emergency situation? 1\. rapid assessment of airway, breathing, and circulation 2\. rapid assessment from head to toe 3\. assessment of a client’s functional health 4\. assessment of a client’s vital signs, physical and psychological health

In an emergency (disaster) situation, before the nurse administers oxygen to a client, she should determine whether the client has a history of: 1\. heart failure. 2\. peripheral vascular disease. 3\. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 4\. neurological deficits.

The nurse in an emergency situation tries to determine whether a client has an airway obstruction. Which of the following should the nurse assess? 1\. ability to speak 2\. ability to hear 3\. oxygen saturation 4\. adventitious breath sounds

In a disaster situation, when assessing a diabetic client on Insulin, the nurse should assess for all of the following except: 1\. diabetic signs and symptoms. 2\. nutritional status. 3\. bleeding problems. 4\. availability of Insulin.

In a disaster triage situation, the nurse would be least concerned with which of the following regarding a client in crisis? 1\. ability to breathe 2\. pallor or cyanosis of the skin 3\. number of accompanying family members 4\. motor function

Which of the following clients is not in need of an emergency assessment? 1\. a bleeding client who has an injury from falling debris 2\. an unresponsive client 3\. a client with an old injury 4\. a pregnant woman with imminent delivery

A primigravida (a woman pregnant for the first time) begins labor during a disaster situation and is alone. She is very upset that her family is not with her. What approach can the nurse take to meet the client’s needs at this time? 1\. Ask whether another individual would like to be her support person. 2\. Assure her that the nursing triage group will be with her at all times. 3\. Tell her you will try to locate her family. 4\. Reinforce the woman’s confidence in her own abilities to cope and maintain a sense of control.

Signs of internal bleeding include all of the following except: 1\. painful, swollen, or deformed extremities. 2\. a tender rigid abdomen. 3\. vomiting bile. 4\. bruising.

Patients with heart problems might complain of any of the following except: 1\. pain in the center of the chest. 2\. mild chest discomfort. 3\. sudden onset of sharp abdominal pain. 4\. difficulty in breathing.

What are the major ways in which a poison can be taken into the body? 1\. ingested, inhaled, absorbed, injected 2\. inhaled, absorbed, transdermal 3\. transmitted only through the skin 4\. transmitted only orally/injection

The nurse in the Obstetrical Emergency should do which of the following first after the baby delivers? 1\. Place extra padding under the mother to absorb blood from the delivery. 2\. Cut the umbilical cord using sterile scissors. 3\. Suction the baby’s mouth and nose. 4\. Wrap the baby in a clean blanket to preserve warmth.

All of the following are causes of vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy except: 1\. placenta previa. 2\. eclampsia. 3\. abruptio placentae. 4\. uterine rupture.

A newborn in an emergency situation has been delivered. An Apgar score is given. What does this scoring system tell us? 1\. heart rate, respiratory effort, color, muscle tone, reflex, irritability 2\. heart rate, bleeding, cyanosis, edema 3\. bleeding, reflexes, edema 4\. respiratory effort, heart rate, seizures

All of the following statements about botulism are correct except: 1\. symptoms will begin within 1–12 hours. 2\. excessive secretions will be present. 3\. botulism is one of the most lethal poisons that can be ingested. 4\. botulism is not contagious.

Smallpox is spread by: 1\. contaminated food. 2\. droplets produced by sneezing or coughing. 3\. mosquitoes. 4\. sexual contac