Chapter 5

_____ is learning that occurs during a sensitive or critical period in early life and is irreversible for the length of the period. (A) Habituation (B) Operant conditioning (C) Trial and error learning (D) Imprinting (E) Classical conditioning

All of the following are autoimmune diseases EXCEPT (A) arthritis (B) lupus (C) multiple sclerosis (D) AIDS (E) juvenile diabetes

Choose from the names of the biomes below. (A) Tropical rain forest (B) Taiga (C) Temperate grasslands (D) Marine (E) Tundra Rapidly decreasing due to human interaction

All of the following are correct about alternation of generations EXCEPT (A) in ferns, the sporophyte is dominant (B) the sporophyte is diploid (C) in flowering plants, the gametophyte is dominant (D) the gametophyte is haploid (E) like all plants, bryophytes show alternations of generations

All of the following are correct about animal systems EXCEPT (A) the hydra has a two-way digestive system (B) earthworms are hermaphrodites (C) grasshoppers use their digestive tract to remove nitrogenous waste (D) the nitrogenous waste from the earthworm is uric acid (E) the grasshopper has chitinous plates in the gizzard that act like teeth

All of the following are correct about gas exchange in humans EXCEPT (A) hemoglobin carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in fairly equal amounts (B) breathing rate is regulated by the medulla of the brain (C) the purpose of the nose is to filter, warm, and moisten air (D) gas exchange occurs in alveoli (E) when carbon dioxide builds up in the blood, the pH lowers

Mary had a little lamb; its fleece was white as snow. And everywhere that Mary went, the lamb was sure to go. The behavior of the lamb is best described as (A) habituation (B) imprinting (C) operant conditioning (D) classical conditioning (E) fixed action pattern

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme found in (A) macrophages (B) Tlymphocytes (C) B lymphocytes (D) HIV virus (E) antibodies

Choose from the names of the biomes below. (A) Tropical rain forest (B) Taiga (C) Temperate grasslands (D) Marine (E) Tundra Most stable biome

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Closes stomates during times of stress, inhibits growth

Ligaments connect _____ to _____ ; tendons connect _____ to _____ (A) bone to muscle; bone to bone (B) bone to bone; muscle to bone (C) muscle to muscle; bone to muscle (D) tendons to muscle; ligaments to bone (E) tendons to bones; muscle to muscle

All of the following are correct about human red blood cells EXCEPT (A) they live 120 days (B) they are called leukocytes (D) they do not have a nucleus (D) they are formed in the bone marrow (E) they carry oxyhemoglobin

Fixed action patterns are initiated by external stimuli called (A) fixed action pattern (B) sign stimuli (C) agonistic behavior (D) dominance hierarchies (E) sensitive periods

Antibodies are (A) responsible for raising body temperature when you are ill (B) memory cells (C) plasma cells (D) specific (E) part of the first line of defense

Choose from the names of the biomes below. (A) Tropical rain forest (B) Taiga (C) Temperate grasslands (D) Marine (E) Tundra Provides most of Earth's oxygen

Questions \(16-18\) Refer to the terms below about the menstrual cycle. (A) Luteal phase (B) Menstruation (C) Ovulation (D) Follicular phase Secondary oocyte ruptures out of ovary

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Is a gas

$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Uric acid }} \\ {\text { (B) Urea }} \\\ {\text { (C) Ammonia }}\end{array}$$ Most toxic

All of the following are correct about human circulation EXCEPT (A) arteries have thick muscular walls (B) the pacemaker of the heart is the SA node (C) leukocytes fight disease (D) hemoglobin carries oxygen (E) the only artery carrying deoxygenated blood is the aorta

Which is true about plasma cells? (A) When activated, they turn into memory cells. (B) They offer permanent resistance to disease. (C) They are produced from activated T cells; whereas memory cells are produced from activated \(\mathrm{B}\) cells. (D) They are found only in people who are infected with the AIDS virus.

Epiphytes are (A) a climax community of plants in the desert (B) photosynthetic plants that grow on trees rather than (C) vegetation themselves (D) degetation found in grasslands (D) decomposers in the taiga (E) animals found in the tundra

The end of cleavage is marked by the formation of (A) three embryonic layers (B) the archenteron (C) the blastula (D) zygote (E) the secondary oocyte

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Enhances apical dominance

All of the following are related to blood clotting EXCEPT (A) fibrinogen (B) erythrocytes (C) thromboplastin (D) calcium ions (E) thrombocytes

An animal that sacrifices itself for its relatives is exhibiting (A) operant conditioning (B) kin selection (C) classical conditioning (D) imprinting (E) habituation

Vasodilation (A) is triggered by histamine (B) means engulfing antigens (C) is caused by interferons (D) is part of an immunoglobin (E) is an important part of the specific immune response

Gastrulation is marked by the formation of the (A) blastula (B) secondary oocyte (C) three embryonic layers (D) blastocoel (E) zygote

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Induces bolting, the rapid growth of a floral stalk

$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Uric acid }} \\ {\text { (B) Urea }} \\\ {\text { (C) Ammonia }}\end{array}$$ Excreted by the digestive tracts of insects and birds

All of the following are correct about the normal direction of blood flow EXCEPT (A) vena cava \(\rightarrow\) right ventricle (B) right atrium \(\rightarrow\) tricuspid valve (C) aortic semilunar valve \(\rightarrow\) aorta (D) lungs \(\rightarrow\) pulmonary vein (E) pulmonary vein \(\rightarrow\) left atrium

Choose from the terms below. (A) Mutualism (B) Parasitism (C) Commensalism (D) None of the above (E) A, B, and C Both organisms benefit

Which hormone is released by the anterior pituitary and directly causes ovulation? (A) Luteinizing hormone (B) Progesterone (C) Gonadotropic-releasing hormone (GnRH) (D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (E) Estrogen

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins An example is \(2,4-D,\) a weed killer

Which of the following correctly follows the flow of blood in the human body? (A) Right ventricle- aorta-body-left atrium-left ventricle-pulmonary artery (B) Right ventricle-pulmonary artery-lungs-pulmonary vein-left atrium (C) Left atrium-left ventricle-pulmonary artery - pulmonary vein- right atrium (D) Left atrium- left ventricle-pulmonary artery-lungs-pulmonary vein-right atrium (E) Left ventricle-left atrium-aorta-lungs-pulmonary vein

Choose from the terms below. (A) Mutualism (B) Parasitism (C) Commensalism (D) None of the above (E) A, B, and C One organism benefits; the other organism is not affected by the first organism

Which hormone causes the lining of the uterus to thicken in preparation for implantation of the embryo? (A) Luteinizing hormone (B) Progesterone (C) Gonadotropic-releasing hormone(GnRH) (D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (E) Androgen

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Rooting powder is made of this

All of the following are correct about human circulation EXCEPT (A) blood in capillaries travels slowly to allow for diffusion of nutrients and wastes (B) normal blood pressure is higher in males than in females (C) the average heart rate and pulse is about 70 beats per minute (D) your heart rate normally changes in response to physical activity (E) arteries have thicker walls than veins

Which is the correct order of the stages of the menstrual cycle? (A) Follicular phase- ovulation-menstruation-luteal phase (B) Ovulation- luteal phase-menstruation- follicular phase (C) Follicular phase- ovulation-luteal phase- menstruation (D) Luteal phase - ovulation- menstruation- follicular phase (E) Luteal phase- follicular phase- ovulation-menstruation

Questions \(17-23\) Choose from the terms below. (A) Auxins (B) Gibberellins (C) Abscisic acid (D) Ethylene (E) Cytokinins Promotes the ripening of fruit

The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried to the lungs by (A) leukocytes (B) thrombocytes (C) erythrocytes (D) hemoglobin in red blood cells (E) the plasma as the bicarbonate ion

Questions \(24-25\) Refer to the terms below that refer to the chick embryo. (A) Chorion (B) Yolk sac (C) Amnion (D) Allantois Analogous to the placenta; where nitrogenous waste accumulates

Tropisms are caused by (A) ethylene (B) stimulation from primitive nerve cells (C) contraction of primitive muscle cells (D) unequal distribution of abscisic acid (E) unequal distribution of auxins

All of the following are true about blood EXCEPT (A) white blood cells are formed in the bone marrow (B) platelets are not cells but are cell fragments (C) arteries contain valves to help in the pumping of blood (D) the liquid portion of the blood is called plasma (E) red blood cells live about 120 days

The result of the action of decomposers is (A) decrease in ammonia (B) increase in transpiration (C) nitrogen fixation (D) decrease in oxygen (E) increase in oxygen

Questions \(24-25\) Refer to the terms below that refer to the chick embryo. (A) Chorion (B) Yolk sac (C) Amnion (D) Allantois Encloses the embryo in protective fluid

Absorption of nitrogen by a plant is most closely related to (A) cone formation in gymnosperms (B) double fertilization (C) geotropisms (D) modified stomata (E) symbionts that live in nodules on the roots of plants

Choose from the terms below about the nitrogen cycle. (A) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (B) Denitrifying bacteria (C) Nitrifying bacteria These live in the roots of legumes

Match the hormone to the correct gland from which it comes. (A) Thyroxin (B) Oxytocin (C) Insulin (D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (E) Adrenaline Anterior pituitary

Choose from the terms below about the nitrogen cycle. (A) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (B) Denitrifying bacteria (C) Nitrifying bacteria Convert the ammonium ion into nitrates