Q98E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Which of these molecules and ions contain polar bonds? Which of these molecules and ions have dipole moments?

1. \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}\)
2. \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{4}}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
3. \({\rm{SnCl}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
4. \({\rm{BrCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
5. \({\rm{IC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)
6. \({\rm{Xe}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
7. \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Polar bonding can be found in all of these compounds and ions\({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{,PCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}{\rm{, and S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm { have  dipole moments}} {\rm{.}}\)

Step 1: Concept Introduction

Various substances includes bonds that are intermediate in character i.e; between pure covalent and pure ionic bonds. Here, polar bonds occur when one of the elements attracts the shared electrons much stringly than the other one.

Step 2: Find the molecules and ions contain polar bonds

Polar bonding can be found in all of these compounds and ions\({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{,PCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}{\rm{, and S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ have dipole moments}}{\rm{.}}\)