Q7E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Write the electron configuration for each of the following ions: (a) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (b) \({{\rm{I}}^{\rm{ - }}}\) (c) \({\rm{B}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (d) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)(e) \({{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}}\) (f) \({\rm{G}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) (g) \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}\) (h) \({{\rm{N}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (i) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (j) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (k) \({\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (l) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) .

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

1. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{{\rm{2}}}} {3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\)                 .
2. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5s^{{\rm{2}}}} {5}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\) .
3. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}} \).
4. The electronic configuration is obtained as:  \(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\).
5. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\) .
6. The electronic configuration is obtained as:\(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\)
7. The electronic configuration is obtained as:  \({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}} \)  .
8. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{2s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\)  .
9. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\) .
10. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{7}}}\) .
11. The electronic configuration is obtained as: \(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{6}}}\) .
12. The electronic configuration is obtained as:\(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\) .

Step 1: Define Chemical Bonding

A chemical bond is a long-term attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds to form.

Step 2: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

a. The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\)is: \(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{\rm{2}} \ 3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left[ {{\rm{Ar}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{\rm{2}} \ 3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\).  .

Step 3: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

b. The electric configuration for the ion \({{\rm{I}}^{\rm{ - }}}\)is:  \(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5s^{\rm{2}} \ 5}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is:  \(\left[ {{\rm{Kr}}} \right]{\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5s^{\rm{2}} \ 5}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\).

Step 4: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

c.  The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{B}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)is: \({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is:\({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}}\)  .

Step 5: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

d. The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\).

Step 6: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

e. The electric configuration for the ion \({{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}}\)is: \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\) . 

Therefore, electric configuration is:   \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{4s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\) . .

Step 7: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

f. The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{G}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}\).

Step 8: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

g.

The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}\)is: \({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}} \)   .

Therefore, electric configuration is: \({\rm{1s}}^{\rm{2}} \)   .

Step 9: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

h.  The electric configuration for the ion \({{\rm{N}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\)is: \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{2s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\)   .

Therefore, electric configuration is:  \(\left[ {{\rm{He}}} \right]{\rm{2s^{\rm{2}} \ 2}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{6}}}\)    .

Step 10: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

i.   

The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{4}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{5}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\).

Step 11: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

j.

The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{7}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{7}}}\).

Step 12: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

k.

The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{6}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Ar}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{6}}}\).

Step 13: Writing the electronic configuration for ion

l

The electric configuration for the ion \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\)is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\).

Therefore, electric configuration is: \(\left( {{\rm{Kr}}} \right){\rm{3}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{10}}}}{\rm{4}}{{\rm{s}}^{\rm{2}}}\).