Q.6.8 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

State the number of protons and electrons in each of the following:

a. ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$

b. ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+}$

c. ${\mathrm{Au}}^{3+}$

d. ${\mathrm{Ag}}^{+}$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Part a. $16 p, 18e$

Part  b. $28 p, 26 e$

Part  c. $79 p, 76 e$

Part  d. $47 p, 46 e$

Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

Electrons are a kind of subatomic molecule with a negative charge. Protons are a sort of subatomic molecule with a positive charge.

Given- $S^{2-}$

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The atomic number of Sulphur is$16$

The number of protons is$16$

Two electrons are gained when$S^{2-}$is formed,

The number of electrons is$16+2=18$

Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

Electrons are a kind of subatomic molecule with a negative charge. Protons are a sort of subatomic molecule with a positive charge.

Given- $N{i}^{2+}$

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

The atomic number of Nickel is $28$

The number of protons is $28$

Two electrons are lost when $N{i}^{2+}$ is formed,

The number of electrons is $28-2=26$

Part (c) Step 1: Given Information

Electrons are a kind of subatomic molecule with a negative charge. Protons are a sort of subatomic molecule with a positive charge.
Given - $A{u}^{3+}$

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

The atomic number of gold is $79$

The number of protons is $79$

Three electrons are lost when $A{u}^{3+}$ is formed,

The number of electrons is $79-3=76$

Part (d) Step 1: Given Information

Electrons are a kind of subatomic molecule with a negative charge. Protons are a sort of subatomic molecule with a positive charge. 

Given - $A{g}^{+}$

Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

The atomic number of silver is $47$

The number of protons is $47$

One electron is lost when $A{g}^{+}$ is formed,

The number of electrons is $47-1=46$