Problem 4 - An Introduction to Theories of Personality

Question

(a) May contends that the primary cause of anxiety is the fear of nonbeing. Horney argues that anxiety results from repressing one's real self and wishes. How might these views be interpreted as supporting each other, rather than as contradictory? (b) Horney attributes anxiety to intrapsychic conflict, whereas May's conception of personality as a unified whole rules out the possibility of inner conflict. Which view do you prefer? Why?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

May's theory of anxiety stemming from the fear of nonbeing can be interpreted as a fear of losing one's identity, which aligns with Horney's idea of anxiety resulting from repression of one's true self and desires. Thus, both theories can be connected to support each-other rather than contradicted. In terms of preference, (insert personal preference) aligns more with my understanding due to (add personal reasoning). This exercise asks for personal reflection and critical thinking hence, the answer will vary from person to person.

Step 1: Interpretation of Theories

Consider the theories of May and Horney. May argues that anxiety stems from the fear of nonbeing or ceasing to exist. Horney, on the other hand, argues that anxiety arises from repressing one's true self and desires. These theories can be related instead of seeing them as contradictory. The fear of nonbeing as argued by May can be understood as losing one's true identity, which aligns with Horney's theory that anxiety is due to repression of one's true self and desires. In essence, both theories accentuate the loss of one's identity as a cause of anxiety.

Step 2: Comparative Analysis of Horney's and May's Views

Contrast Horney's view of anxiety being a result of intrapsychic conflict with May's view of personality as a unified whole eliminating possibilities of inner conflict. Engage in introspection and critical thinking to analyze which view aligns more with personal belief or understanding of human psychology.

Step 3: Personal Preference

Decide which view aligns more with your personal belief or understanding of human psychology and justify the choice. Remember, there are no right or wrong answers as it’s based on personal judgement.