Problem 3 - An Introduction to Theories of Personality

Question

Give an example from real life or from fiction of a person who adopts a negative identity, rather than suffer the inner turmoil of identity confusion.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The character Holden Caulfield from J.D. Salinger's novel 'The Catcher in the Rye' is an example of someone adopting a negative identity to avoid identity confusion. Adopting an identity in opposition to societal expectations, he presents himself as a 'truth teller' in a world of 'phonies' and defies the norms of attending school and studying regularly.

Step 1: Understanding negative identity and identity confusion

Negative identity refers to the selection or adoption of an identity that is undesirable in one's social context, often as a form of rebellion or resistance. Identity confusion, on the other hand, involves a lack of sureness about who one is and what one's identity is.

Step 2: Identifying an example of negative identity

An example from fiction can be seen in the character of Holden Caulfield from J.D. Salinger's novel 'The Catcher in the Rye'. Holden is a teenager who is at odds with the adult world and its lack of sincerity. He adopts a negative identity by positioning himself outside of, and in opposition to, the norm and expectations of his society.

Step 3: Describing the negative identity of the chosen example

In the novel, Holden presents himself as a 'truth teller' amongst 'phonies' and is unwilling to conform to the societal expectations of his time, such as going to school and studying. Instead, he wanders around New York City, creating his own negative identity contrary to societal norms, instead of dealing with the uncertainty and confusion of his rapidly approaching adult life.