Problem 6 - An Introduction to Theories of Personality

Question

Erikson regards mutuality as the ideal form of interpersonal relationship. What societal influences make it more difficult for us to develop mutuality?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Several societal influences make it more difficult to develop mutuality. These include cultural norms that favor dominance or competition, economic structures that create inequality and power imbalances, and technological developments that can promote individualism and self-absorption. Media can also contribute by propagating unrealistic ideals of relationships, fostering comparison and dissatisfaction.

Step 1: Understanding Mutuality

Begin by understanding what Erikson means by 'mutuality'. Erikson believes in a type of social relationship where both parties are equally invested, participating in a reciprocal way. These relationships are characterized by empathy, openness, and mutual respect.

Step 2: Identifying societal influences

After understanding the concept of mutuality, the second step entails identifying various societal influences. These could include factors such as cultural norms, economic structures, technological advances, the influence of media, and societal norms around hierarchy and power dynamics.

Step 3: Analyzing the impact of societal influences

In this step, each of these societal influences is analyzed in terms of how they might make the development of mutuality difficult. For example, cultural norms that favor dominance or competition over cooperation can make reciprocal relationships challenging. Similarly, economic structures that foster inequality can create power imbalances that hinder mutual relationships.