Chapter 39

A digestive system functions in _____. a. secreting enzymes b. absorbing compounds c. eliminating wastes d. all of the above

The enzyme pepsin is activated in the ______. a. mouth b. stomach c. small intestine d. large intestine

Most nutrients are absorbed in the _____. a. mouth b. stomach c. small intestine d. large intestine

A bird's keratin-lined _____ helps it grind up food. a. pharynx b. crop c. gizzard d. gastrovascular cavity

Monosaccharides and amino acids absorbed from the gut enter _____. a. blood vessels b. lymph vessels c. fat droplets d. both b and c

Bacteria in the ______ make essential vitamins. a. stomach b. small intestine c. colon d. esophagus

The low pH of the _____ aids in protein digestion. a. stomach b. small intestine c. large intestine d. esophagus

Most water that enters the gut is absorbed across the lining of the _____. a. stomach b. small intestine c. large intestine d. esophagus

Iron is the _____ most often deficient in the diet. a. phytochemical b. vitamin c. mineral d. enzyme

Eating a healthy diet entirely of plant foods requires combining foods to obtain all necessary _____. a. saturated fats b. monosaccharides c. phytochemicals d. amino acids

Tiny filaments called _____ increase the surface area of a brush border cell. a. villi b. microvilli c. cilia d. flagella

______ is (are) a good source of omega-3 fatty acids that can reduce the risk of heart disease. a. Oatmeal b. Legumes c. Fish d. Corn syrup

A very low BMI indicates a person is ______. a. obese b. overweight c. underweight d. not getting enough exercise

Match each substance with its description. ______gastrin ______dentin ______bicarbonate ______bile ______salivary amylase ______pepsin a. enzyme that acts in stomach b. emulsifies fats c. breaks down polysaccharides d. raises the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of chyme e. makes up the bulk of a tooth f. hormone made by stomach

Match each organ with its digestive function. ______gallbladder ______salivary gland ______colon ______liver ______esophagus ______rectum ______stomach ______pancreas a. final stop for digestive waste b. makes bile c. compacts undigested residues d. adds enzymes to small intestine e. delivers food to the stomach f. stores, secretes bile g. secretes gastric fluid h. secretes enzyme that begins starch digestion