Chapter 10

On combustion of Li, \(\mathrm{Na}\) and \(\mathrm{K}\) in excess of air, the major oxides formed, respectively, are: [Main Sep. 04, 2020 (I)] (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) and \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Li}, \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{O}\), and \(\mathrm{K}, \mathrm{O}\)

Among the sulphates of alkaline earth metals, the solubilities of \(\mathrm{BeSO}_{4}\) and \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4}\) in water, respectively, are : (a) poor and poor (b) high and poor (c) high and high (d) poor and high

The metal mainly used in devising photoelectric cells is : (a) \(\mathrm{Na}\) (b) Li (c) \(\mathrm{Rb}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Cs}\)

An alkaline earth metal 'M' readily forms water soluble sulphate and water insoluble hydroxide. Its oxide MO is very stable to heat and does not have rock-salt structure. \(M\) is : (a) \(\mathrm{Sr}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Be}\)

Among the statements (A)-(D), the correct ones are: (A) Lithium has the highest hydration enthalpy among the alkali metals. (B) Lithium chloride is insoluble in pyridine. (C) Lithium cannot form ethynide upon its reaction with ethyne. (D) Both lithium and magnesium react slowly with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). (a) (A), (B) and (D) only (b) (A), (C) and (D) only (c) \((\mathrm{B})\) and (D) only (d) (A) and (D) only

Which of the following liberates \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) upon hydrolysis? (a) \(\mathrm{Pb}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\)

When gypsum is heated to \(393 \mathrm{~K}\), it forms: (a) Anhydrous \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}{\underline{\phantom{xx}}}^{\sim} 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}^{-} 0.5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (d) Dead burnt plaster

The INCORRECT statement is :[Main April 12, 2019 (II)] (a) Lithium is the strongest reducing agentamong the alkali metals. (b) Lithium is least reactive with water among the alkali metals. (c) LiNO, decomposes on heating to give \(\mathrm{LiNO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\). (d) LiCl crystallises from aqueous solution as \(\mathrm{LiCl} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\).

A metal (A) on heating in nitrogen gas gives compound B. B on treatment with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) gives a colourless gas which when passed through \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}\) solution gives a dark blue-violet coloured solution. A and \(\mathrm{B}\) respectively, are: (a) \(\mathrm{Na}\) and \(\mathrm{NaNO}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}\) and \(\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{~N}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)

A hydrated solid \(\mathrm{X}\) on heating initially gives a monohydrated compound Y. Y upon heating above \(373 \mathrm{~K}\) leads to an anhydrous white powder Z. \(\mathrm{X}\) and \(\mathrm{Z}\), respectively, are : [Main April 10, 2019 (II)] (a) Washing soda and soda ash (b) Baking soda and dead burnt plaster. (c) Washing soda and dead burnt plaster. (d) Baking soda and soda ash.

The correct sequence of thermal stability of the following carbonates is : (a) \(\mathrm{BaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{SrCO}_{3}<\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}<\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{SrCO}_{3}<\mathrm{BaCO}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}<\mathrm{SrCO}_{3}<\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{BaCO}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{BaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{SrCO}_{3}<\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}<\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}\)

The correct order of hydration enthalpies of alkali metal ions is : (a) \(\mathrm{Li}^{+}>\mathrm{Na}^{+}>\mathrm{K}^{+}>\mathrm{Cs}^{+}>\mathrm{Rb}^{+}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}>\mathrm{Li}^{+}>\mathrm{K}^{+}>\mathrm{Rb}^{+}>\mathrm{Cs}^{+}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}>\mathrm{Li}^{+}>\mathrm{K}^{+}>\mathrm{Cs}^{+}>\mathrm{Rb}^{+}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Li}^{+}>\mathrm{Na}^{+}>\mathrm{K}^{+}>\mathrm{Rb}^{+}>\mathrm{Cs}^{+}\)

A metal on combution in excess of air forms X. X upon hydrolysis with water yields \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) along with another product. The metal is: [Main Jan. 12, 2019 (I)] (a) \(\mathrm{Na}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Rb}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Li}\)

Magnesium powder burns in air to give: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{MgO}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg} \mathrm{O}\) only (d) \(\mathrm{MgO}\) and \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)

The correct statement(s) among I to III with respect to potassium ions that are abundant within the cell fluidsis/are: [Main Jan. 12, 2019 (II)] I. They activate many enzymes II. They participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP III. Along with sodium ions, they are responsible for the transmission of nerve signals (a) I and II only (b) I and III only (c) I, II and III (d) III only

The structures of beryllium chloride in the solid state and vapour phase, respectively, are: (a) chain and chain (b) dimeric and dimeric (c) chain and dimeric (d) dimeric and chain

The metal that forms nitride by reacting directly with \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) of air, is: (a) \(\mathrm{K}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Li}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Rb}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Cs}\)

Lithium aluminium hydride reacts with silicon tetrachloride to form: (a) \(\mathrm{LiCl}, \mathrm{AlH}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{SiH}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{LiCl}, \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{SiH}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{LiH}, \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{SiCl}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{LiH}, \mathrm{AlH}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{SiH}_{4}\)

Which one of the following is an oxide ? (a) \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{BaO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CsO}_{2}\)

The metal used for making X-ray tube window is: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Be}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ca}\)

The main oxides formed on combustion of \(\mathrm{Li}, \mathrm{Na}\) and \(\mathrm{K}\) in excess of air are, respectively: (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) and \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{LiO}_{2}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

The alkaline earth metal nitrate that does not crystallise with water molecules, is: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Sr}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ba}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{1}\right)_{2}\)

The commercial name for calcium oxide is : (a) Quick lime (b) Milk of lime (c) Slaked lime (d) Limestone

Which of the following statements about \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) is not correct? (a) It is diamagnetic in nature (b) It is derivative of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) oxidises \(\mathrm{Cr}^{3+}\) to \(\mathrm{CrO}_{4}^{2-}\) in acid medium. (d) It is the super oxide of sodium

The correct order of the solubility of alkaline-earth metal sulphates in water is : (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}>\mathrm{Ca}>\mathrm{Sr}>\mathrm{Ba}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}>\mathrm{Sr}>\mathrm{Ca}>\mathrm{Ba}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}<\mathrm{Ca}<\mathrm{Sr}<\mathrm{Ba}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Mg}<\mathrm{Sr}<\mathrm{Ca}<\mathrm{Ba}\)

The first ionisation potential of \(\mathrm{Na}\) is \(5.1 \mathrm{eV}\). The value of electron gain enthalpy of \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\)will be (a) \(-2.55 \mathrm{eV}\) (b) \(-5.1 \mathrm{eV}\) (c) \(-10.2 \mathrm{eV}\) (d) \(+2.55 \mathrm{eV}\)

Which one of the following alkaline earth metal sulphates has its hydration enthalpy greater than its lattice enthalpy? (a) \(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{SrSO}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{BeSO}_{4}\)

The solubility order for alkali metal fluoride in water is (a) \(\mathrm{LiF}<\mathrm{RbF}<\mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{NaF}\) (b) \(\mathrm{RbF}<\mathrm{KF}<\mathrm{NaF}<\mathrm{LiF}\) (c) \(\mathrm{LiF}>\mathrm{NaF}>\mathrm{KF}>\mathrm{RbF}\) (d) \(\mathrm{LiF}<\mathrm{NaF}<\mathrm{KF} \leq \mathrm{RbF}\)

The metallic lustre exhibited by sodium is explained by (a) diffusion of sodium ions (b) oscillation of loose electrons (c) excitation of free protons (d) existence of body centered cubic lattice

A sodium salt on treatment with \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) gives white precipitate only on heating. The anion of the sodium salt is (a) \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) (d) \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\)

The pair of compounds which cannot exist together in solution is: (a) \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) (d) \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{NaCl}\)

The set representing the correct order of first ionization potential is (a) \(\mathrm{K}>\mathrm{Na}>\mathrm{I} \mathrm{i}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Be}>\mathrm{Mg}>\mathrm{Ca}\) (c) \(\mathrm{B}>\mathrm{C}>\mathrm{N}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ge}>\mathrm{Si}>\mathrm{C}\)

The oxide that gives hydrogen peroxide on treatment with a dilute acid is (a) \(\mathrm{PbO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{TiO}_{2}\)

The following compounds have been arranged in order of their increasing thermal stabilities. Identify the correct order. \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) (I) \(\mathrm{MgCO}_{3}\) (II) \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\) (III) \(\mathrm{BeCO}_{3}(\mathrm{IV})\) (a) \(1<\|<1\|\) < IV (b) \(\mathrm{IV}<\|<\| \|<1\) (c) \(I \mathrm{IV}<\mathrm{Il}<\mathrm{I}<\mathrm{III}\) (d) \(\mathrm{II}<\mathrm{IV}<\mathrm{III}<\mathrm{I}\)

A solution of sodium metal in liquid ammonia is strongly reducing due to the presence of (a) sodium atoms (b) sodium hydride (c) sodium amide (d) solvated electrons

Molecular formula of Glauber's salt is : (a) \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4} \cdot 7 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4} \cdot 7 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Calcium is obtained by (a) electrolysis of molten \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\). (b) electrolysis of solution of \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) in water. (c) Reduction of \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) with carbon. (d) roasting of limestone.

$$ \mathrm{HCl} \text { is added to following oxides. Which one would give } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2} ? $$ (a) \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{PbO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{BaO}_{2} .8 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (d) \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\)

A substance absorbs \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and violently reacts with water. The substance is (a) \(\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CaO}\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{ZnO}\)

The compound(s) formed upon combustion of sodium metal in excess air is (are) (a) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (c) \(\mathrm{NaO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{NaOH}\)

Highly pure dilute solution of sodium in liquid ammonia (a) shows blue colour (b) exhibits electrical conductivity (c) produces sodium amide (d) produces hydrogen gas.

This question contains STATEMENT-1 (Assertion) and STATEMENT-2 (Reason) and has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of which ONLY ONE is correct. [2007] Statement-1 : Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to give blue solutions. because Statement-2 : Alkali metals is liquid ammonia give solvated species of the type \(\left[M\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{n}\right]^{+}(M=\) alkali metals). (a) Statement- 1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement- 2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1 (b) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is not correct explanation for Statement- 1 (c) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is False (d) Statement- 1 is False, Statement- 2 is True.

\(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4}\) on reaction with \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{OH}\) and \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{HPO}_{4}\) forms a white crystalline precipitate. What is its formula? \([2006-5 \mathrm{M},-1]\) (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right) \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2} \cdot \mathrm{MgSO}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4}\)

Explain the difference in the nature of bonding in \(\mathrm{LiF}\) and LiI.

The species that do not contain peroxide ions are (a) \(\mathrm{PbO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{SrO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{BaO}_{2}\)

Match the following compounds (Column-I) with their uses (Column-II): Column-I Column-II (I) \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) (A) casts of statutes (II) \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) (B) white wash (III) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (C) antacid \(\begin{array}{lll}\text { (IV) } & \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} & \text { (D) washing soda }\end{array}\) preparation (a) (I)- \((\mathrm{D}),(\mathrm{II})-(\mathrm{A}),(\mathrm{III})-(\mathrm{C}),(\mathrm{IV})-(\mathrm{B})\) (b) \((\mathrm{I})-(\mathrm{B}),(\mathrm{II})-(\mathrm{D}),(\mathrm{III})-(\mathrm{A}),(\mathrm{IV})-(\mathrm{C})\) (c) \((\mathrm{I})-(\mathrm{B}),(\mathrm{II})-(\mathrm{C}),(\mathrm{III})-(\mathrm{D}),(\mathrm{IV})-(\mathrm{A})\) (d) \((\mathrm{I})-(\mathrm{C}),(\mathrm{II})-(\mathrm{D}),(\mathrm{IIl})-(\mathrm{B}),(\mathrm{IV})-(\mathrm{A})\)

Give reason of the following : Sodium carbonate is made by Solvay process but the same process is not extended to the manufacture of potassium carbonate.

Match the following items in column I with the corresponding items in column II. Column-I \(\quad\) Column-II (i) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (A) Portland cement ingredient (ii) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) (B) Castner-Kellner process (iii) \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) (C) Solvay process (iv) \(\mathrm{Ca}_{3} \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) (D) Temporary hardness (a) (i) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{B})\); (ii) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{C}) ;\) (iii) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{A})\); (iv) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{D})\) (b) (i) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{C})\); (ii) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{B})\); (iii) \(\rightarrow\) (D); (iv) \(\rightarrow\) (A) (c) (i) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{D})\); (ii) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{A})\); (iii) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{B})\); (iv) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{C})\) (d) (i) \(\rightarrow(\mathrm{C})\); (ii) \(\rightarrow\) (D); (iii) \(\rightarrow\) (B); (iv) \(\rightarrow\) (A)

Give reason of the following: \(\mathrm{BeCl}_{2}\) can be easily hydrolysed.

Arrange the following sulphates of alkaline earth metals in order of decreasing thermal stability: \(\mathrm{BeSO}_{4}\), \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4}, \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}, \mathrm{SrSO}_{4}\)