Financial Statement Analysis

Horngren'S Financial And Managerial Accounting · 56 exercises

Q35PGB

Question: Using ratios to decide between two stock investments

Assume that you are purchasing an investment and have decided to invest in a company in the digital phone business. You have narrowed the choice to All Digital Corp. and Green Zone, Inc. and have assembled the following data.

Selected income statement data for the current year:

	All digital	Green Zone
Net sales revenue (all on credit)	\(417,925	\)493,115
Cost of goods sold	209,000	258,000
Interest expenses	0	14,000
Net income	58,000	72,000

Selected balance sheet and market price data at the end of the current year:

	All digital	Green Zone
Current assets:
Cash	\(23,000	\)18,000
Short-term investment	37,000	17,000
Accounts receivables, Net	39,000	49,000
Merchandise inventory	64,000	102,000
Prepaid expenses	21,000	17,000
Total current assets	\(184,000	\)203,000
Total assets	\(263,000	\)326,000
Total current liabilities	105,000	99,000
Total liabilities	105,000	134,000
Common stock:
\(1 par (10,000 shares)	10,000
\)2 par (14,000 shares)		28,000
Total stockholder’s equity	158,000	192,000
Market price per share of common stock	92.80	128.50
Dividend paid per common share	1.20	0.90

Selected balance sheet data at the beginning of the current year:

	All digital	Green Zone
Balance sheet:
Accounts receivables, Net	\(41,000	\)54,000
Merchandise inventory	81,000	89,000
Total assets	258,000	277,000
Common stock:
\(1 par (10,000 shares)	10,000
\)2 par (14,000 shares)		28,000

Your strategy is to invest in companies with low price/earnings ratios but in good financial shape. Assume that you have analyzed all other factors and that your decision depends on the results of ratio analysis.

Requirements

1. Compute the following ratios for both companies for the current year:

a. Acid-test ratio

b. Inventory turnover

c. Days’ sales in receivables

d. Debt ratio

e. Earnings per share of common stock

f. Price/earnings ratio

g. Dividend payout

2. Decide which company’s stock better fits your investment strategy

3 step solution

36PGB

Completing a comprehensive financial statement analysis

In its annual report, XYZ Athletic Supply, Inc. includes the following five-year financial summary:

XYZ ATHLETIC SUPPLY, INC.
Five-Year Financial Summary (Partial; adapted)
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share data)	2018	2017	2016	2015	2014	2016
Net sales revenue	\(275,000	\)222,000	\(199,000	\)171,000	131,000
Net Sales Revenue Increase	24%	12%	16%	31%	17%
Domestic Comparative Store Sales Increase	6%	6%	5%	8%	10%
Other Income—Net	2,090	1,780	1,770	1,700	1,310
Cost of Goods Sold	208,725	169,386	154,822	134,235	103,883
Selling and Administrative Expenses	41,280	36,340	31,670	27,450	22,540
Interest:
Interest Expense	(1,070)	(1,370)	(1,330)	(1,100)	(800)
Interest Income	140	155	150	230	140
Income Tax Expense	4,420	3,900	3,610	3,390	2,730
Net Income	21,735	12,939	9,488	6,755	2,497
Per Share of Common Stock:
Net Income	1.10	0.80	0.70	0.50	0.28
Dividends	0.45	0.43	0.39	0.35	0.31
Financial Position
Current Assets, Excluding Merchandise Inventory	\(30,900	\)27,200	\(26,800	\)24,400	$21,800
Merchandise Inventory	24,700	22,400	21,600	19,300	17,000	16,800
Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net	51,600	46,200	40,500	35,000	25,200
Total Assets	107,200	95,800	88,900	78,700	64,000
Current Liabilities	32,600	27,800	28,800	25,600	17,000
Long-term Debt	23,000	21,200	16,800	18,600	12,900
Stockholders’ Equity	51,600	46,800	43,300	35,500	34,100
Financial Ratios
Acid-Test Ratio	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.3
Rate of Return on Total Assets	22.5%	15.5%	12.8%	10.9%	9.9%
Rate of Return on Common Stockholders’ Equity	44.2%	28.7%	24.1%	19.4%	18.9%

Requirements

Analyze the company’s financial summary for the fiscal years 2014–2018 to decide whether to invest in the common stock of XYZ. Include the following sections in your analysis.

1. Trend analysis for net sales revenue and net income (use 2014 as the base year).

2. Profitability analysis.

3. Evaluation of the ability to sell merchandise inventory.

4. Evaluation of the ability to pay debts.

5. Evaluation of dividends.

6. Should you invest in the common stock of XYZ Athletic Supply, Inc.? Fully explain your final decision

7 step solution

Q38CP

Question: P15-38 Using ratios to evaluate a stock investment

This problem continues the Canyon Canoe Company situation from Chapter 14. The company wants to invest some of its excess cash in trading securities and is considering two investments, The Paddle Company (PC) and Recreational Life Vests (RLV). The income statement, balance sheet, and other data for both companies follow for 2019 and 2018, as well as selected data for 2017:

	THE PADDLE COMPANY Comparative Financial Statements Years Ended December 31			RECREATIONAL LIFE VESTS Comparative Financial Statements Years Ended December 31
Income statement	2019	2018	2017	2019	2018	2017
Net sales revenue	\(430,489	\)425,410		\(410,570	\)383,870
Cost of goods sold	258,756	256,797		299,110	280,190
Gross profit	171,733	168,613		111,460	103,680
Operating expenses	153,880	151,922		78,290	70,830
Operating income	17,853	16,691		33,170	32,850
Interest expenses	865	788		2,780	2,980
Income before income tax	16,988	15,903		30,390	29,870
Income tax expenses	5,137	4,809		8,780	8,630
Net income	\(11,851	\)11,094		\(21,610	\)21,240
Balance sheet

Assets
Cash & Cash Equivalents	\(69,159	\)70,793		\(65,730	\)55,270
Accounts Receivable	44,798	44,452	\(44,104	39,810	38,650	\)36,460
Merchandise Inventory	79,919	66,341	76,363	68,500	65,230	59,930
Other Current Assets	15,494	16,264		24,450	37,630
Total Current Assets	209,370	197,850		198,490	196,780
Long-term Assets	89,834	90,776		116,760	116,270
Total Assets	\(299,204	\)288,626	\(276,482	\)315,250	$$313,050	\(310,640

Liabilities
Current Liabilities	\)69,554	\(60,232		\)90,810	\(90,010
Long-term Liabilities	31,682	29,936		96,310	105,890
Total Liabilities	101,236	90,168		187,120	195,900

Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock	72,795	80,885		111,530	102,480
Retained Earnings	125,173	117,573		16,600	14,670
Total Stockholders’ Equity	197,968	198,458		128,130	117,150	103,840
Total Liabilities and Stockholder’s Equity	\)299,204	\(288,626		\)315,250	\(313,050

Other data
Market price per share	\)21.38	\(33.82		\)46.37	$51.64
Annual dividend per share	0.32	0.30		0.53	0.45
Weighted average number of shares outstanding	9,000	8,000		9,000	8,000

Requirements

Using the financial statements given, compute the following ratios for both companies for 2019 and 2018. Assume all sales are credit sales. Round all ratios to two decimal places.

a. Current ratio	h. Profit margin ratio
b. Cash ratio	i. Asset turnover ratio
c. Inventory turnover	j. Rate of return on common stockholders’ equity
d. Accounts receivable turnover	k. Earnings per share
e. Gross profit percentage	l. Price/earnings ratio
f. Debt ratio	m. Dividend yield
g. Debt to equity ratio	n. Dividend payout

Compare the companies’ performance for 2019 and 2018. Make a recommendation to Canyon Canoe Company about investing in these companies. Which company would be a better investment, The Paddle Company or Recreational Life Vests? Base your answer on the ability to pay current liabilities, ability to sell merchandise and collect receivables, ability to pay the long-term debt, profitability, and attractiveness as an investment.

3 step solution

Q1DC

Lance Berkman is the controller of Saturn, a dance club whose year-end is December 31. Berkman prepares checks for suppliers in December, makes the proper journal entries, and posts them to the appropriate accounts in that month. However, he holds on to the checks and mails them to the suppliers in January.

Requirements

1. What financial ratio(s) is(are) most affected by the action to hold onto the checks until January?

2. What is Berkman’s purpose in undertaking this activity?

2 step solution

Q1EI

Ross’s Lipstick Company’s long-term debt agreements make certain demands on the business. For example, Ross may not purchase treasury stock in excess of the balance of retained earnings. Also, long-term debt may not exceed stockholders’ equity, and the current ratio may not fall below 1.50. If Ross fails to meet any of these requirements, the company’s lenders have the authority to take over management of the company.Changes in consumer demand have made it hard for Ross to attract customers.

Current liabilities have mounted faster than current assets, causing the current ratio to fall to 1.47. Before releasing financial statements, Ross’s management is scrambling to improve the current ratio. The controller points out that an investment can be classified as either long-term or short-term, depending on management’s intention. By deciding to convert an investment to cash within one year, Ross can classify the investment as short-term—a current asset. On the controller’s recommendation, Ross’s board of directors votes to reclassify long-term investments as short-term.

Requirements

1. What effect will reclassifying the investments have on the current ratio? Is Ross’s true financial position stronger as a result of reclassifying the investments?

2. Shortly after the financial statements are released, sales improve; so, too, does the current ratio. As a result, Ross’s management decides not to sell the investments it had reclassified as short-term. Accordingly, the company reclassified the investments as long-term. Has management behaved unethically? Give the reasoning underlying of your answer.

2 step solution

QE1

Moss Exports is having a bad year. Net income is only $60,000. Also, two important overseas customers are falling behind in their payments to Moss, and Moss’s accounts receivable are ballooning. The company desperately needs a loan. The Moss Exports Board of Directors is considering ways to put the best face on the company’s financial statements. Moss’s bank closely examines cash flow from operating activities. Daniel Peavey, Moss’s controller, suggests reclassifying the receivables from the slow-paying clients as long-term. He explains to the board that removing the $80,000 increase in accounts receivable from current assets will increase net cash provided by operations. This approach may help Moss get the loan.

Requirements

1. Using only the amounts given, compute net cash provided by operations, both without and with the reclassification of the receivables. Which reporting makes Moss look better?

2. Under what condition would the reclassification of the receivables be ethical? Unethical?

2 step solution

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