Chapter 1

What is the level of measurement for each of the following variables? a. Student IQ ratings. b. Distance students travel to class. c. Student scores on the first statistics test. d. A classification of students by eye color. e. A ranking of students as freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior. f. Number of hours students study per week.

What is the level of measurement for these items related to the newspaper business? a. The number of papers sold each Sunday during \(2007 .\) b. The departments, such as editorial, advertising, sports, etc. c. A summary of the number of papers sold by county. d. The number of years with the paper for each employee.

For each of the following, determine whether the group is a sample or a population. a. The participants in a study of a new cholesterol drug. b. The drivers who received a speeding ticket in Kansas City last month. c. Those on welfare in Cook County (Chicago), Illinois. d. The 30 stocks reported as a part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative variables. Give an example of qualitative and quantitative variables not included in the text.

Explain the difference between a sample and a population.

Explain the difference between a discrete and a continuous variable. Give an example of each not included in the text.

For the following questions, would you collect information using a sample or a population? Why? a. Statistics 201 is a course taught at a university. Professor A. Verage has taught nearly 1,500 students in the course over the past 5 years. You would like to know the average grade for the course. b. As part of a research project, you need to report the average profitability of the number one corporation in the Fortune 500 for the past 10 years. c. You are looking forward to graduation and your first job as a salesperson for one of five large pharmaceutical corporations. Planning for your interviews, you will need to know about each company's mission, profitability, products, and markets. d. You are shopping for a new MP3 music player such as the Apple iPod. The manufacturers advertise the number of music tracks that can be stored in the memory. Usually, the advertisers assume relatively short, popular music to estimate the number of tracks that can be stored. You, however, like Broadway musical tunes and they are much longer. You would like to estimate how many Broadway tunes will fit on your MP3 player.

Using data from such publications as the Statistical Abstract of the United States, The World Almanac, Forbes, or your local newspaper, give examples of the nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio levels of measurement.

11\. The Struthers Wells Corporation employs more than 10,000 white collar workers in its sales offices and manufacturing facilities in the United States, Europe, and Asia. A sample of 300 of these workers revealed 120 would accept a transfer to a location outside the United States. On the basis of these findings, write a brief memo to Ms. Wanda Carter, Vice President of Human Services, regarding all white collar workers in the firm and their willingness to relocate.

AVX Stereo Equipment, Inc., recently began a "no-hassles" return policy. A sample of 500 customers who had recently returned items showed 400 thought the policy was fair, 32 thought it took too long to complete the transaction, and the rest had no opinion. On the basis of this information, make an inference about customer reaction to the new policy.

Suppose you recently opened an account with Ameritrade, Inc., an online broker. You have decided to purchase shares of either Johnson \& Johnson (a pharmaceutical company) or PepsiCo (the parent company of Pepsi and Frito- Lay). For a comparison of the two companies go to http://finance.yahoo.com and in the space where it says Get Quotes enter the letters JN and PEP, which are the respective symbols for the two companies. Click on Go and you should receive some current information about the selling price of the two stocks. To the right of this information click on Intraday and then click on Analyst Opinion. Here you will find information from stock analysts evaluating these stocks. Brokers rate the stock a 1 if it is a strong buy and a 5 if it is a strong sell. What level of measurement is this information? Which of the stocks would you recommend?

Refer to the Baseball 2006 data, which report information on the 30 Major League Baseball teams for the 2006 season. Consider the following variables: number of wins, team salary, season attendance, whether the team played its home games on a grass field or an artificial surface, and the number of home runs hit. a. Which of these variables are quantitative and which are qualitative? b. Determine the level of measurement for each of the variables.