Chapter 22

Select the incorrect matching: Hormone target organ (a) Secretin pancreas (b) CCK pancreas and Gallbladder (c) ANF atrial wall (d) Gastrin gastric glands

Match the Column I with Column II: Column I A. Peptide, polypeptide protein hormones B. Steroid C. Iodothyronines D. Amino acid derivatives Column II 1\. Epinephrine 2\. \(\mathrm{T}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{T}_{4}\) (thyroid hormones) 3\. Cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, aldosterone 4\. Pituitary hormones, pancreatic hormones, hypothalamic hormone (a) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-2, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-4\) (b) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 (c) \(\mathrm{A}-4, \mathrm{~B}-3, \mathrm{C}-1, \mathrm{D}-2\) (d) \(\mathrm{A}-1, \mathrm{~B}-4, \mathrm{C}-3, \mathrm{D}-2\)

A steroid hormone typically alters the activity of its target cells by (a) Changing membrane permeability of cells (b) Entering the cell and altering gene expression (c) Activation of IP \(_{3}\) (d) Conversion of ATP to cAMP

Hormone receptors are located in target tissue only. Their position is (a) In plasma membrane (b) In cytoplasm (c) In nucleus (d) Any of the above depending on type of hormone

Find out the correct statement from the following: 1) Hormones interact with membrane bound receptors normally do not enter the target cells. 2) Iodothyronines have membrane bound receptors. 3) Hormones which interact with intracellular receptors mostly regulate gene expression. 4) Steroid hormones generate second messengers. (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 4 only

Find the total no. of hormones from the following which binds to intracellular receptors. Cortisol, Testosterone, \(T 3\), Glucagon, Oxytocin, FSH, Progesterone, ICSH, Oestrogen, \(G H\) (a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7

Which of the following act as secondary messenger? (a) \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) (b) \(\mathrm{IP}_{3}\) (c) cAMP (d) All \(2 \mathrm{Ca} 3 \mathrm{IP}\)

Following hormones are iodothyronines (a) T3 (b) T4 (c) \(\mathrm{TCT}\) (d) Both (a) and (b)

Which is steroid hormone? (a) GH (b) Insulin (c) Aldosterone (d) Epinephrine

Which of the following hormones do not act by a second messenger system? (a) GH (b) Epinephrine (c) \(\mathrm{ICSH}\) (d) Oestrogen

Chemically epinephrine is (a) Amino acid derivative (b) Peptide hormone (c) Steroid hormone (d) Iodothyronines

Which hormone receptors are present in cytoplasm of target cell? (a) Thyroxin (b) Oestrogen (c) Insulin (d) All

Arrange in sequence, working of ' \(\mathrm{FSH}^{+}\) ? (1) Binding to membrane receptor (2) Biochemical response (3) Generation of second messenger (4) Physiological response (ev. Ovarian growth) (a) \(1 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 4\) (b) \(1 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 4\) (c) \(4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 1\) (d) \(3 \rightarrow 1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 2\)

Which hormone directly affect transcription by acting on gene? (a) FSH (b) GH (c) Oestrogen (d) \(\mathrm{CCK}\)

Following hormones responsible for maintenance of blood pressure. (a) Aldosterone (b) Renin (c) ANF (d) All

Assertion: Aldosterone increases the volume of blood and other extracellular fluids. Reason: The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by a fall in the circulating volume of blood.

Assertion: Failure of secretion of thyroid gland hormones from childhood causes cretinism disease. Reason: Thyrotropin hormone maintains BMR and promotes the growth of body tissues.

Assertion: Hormones are similar to enzymes in their action and chemical nature. Reason: Hormones and enzymes are proteinaceous in nature and acts as informational molecules.

Assertion: Neurohypophysis(Pars nervosa) is also known as posterior pitutary. Reason: Posterior pitutary stores and releases two hormones called oxytocin and vasopressin.

Assertion: Vasopressin is also known as antidiueretic hormone. Reason: Vasopressin stimulates the reabsorption of water and electrolyte by distal tubules and there by reduces diuresis.

Assertion: Enlargement of thyroid gland is known as goitre. Reason: Goitre occurs due to the deficiency of iodine only.

Assertion: Immune response of old person becomes weak. Reason: Thymus is degenerated in old individuals.

Assertion: Adrenal cortex can be removed without causing death. Reason: Adrenal cortex is not vital for survival.

Assertion: Failure of secretion of somatotropin from an early age causes dwarfism in the patient. Reason: Somatotropin hormone stimulates the body growth and elongation of long bones.

Assertion: Thyroxine is lipid soluble hormone. Reason: Receptor for thyroxine is situated in cytoplasm.

Assertion: The posterior pituitary is under the direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus. Reason: Hypothalamic Neuron via axon sent their secretion to posterior pituitary for release.

Assertion: Over secretion of GH leads to gigantism. Reason: It leads to abnormal growing body.

Assertion: Thyroid gland use to regulate blood calcium level. Reason: Thyroid gland use to secret protein hormone called thyrocalcitonin which affects blood calcium level.

Assertion: MSH regulates pigmentation of skin. Reason: MSH acts on melanin containing cells.

Assertion: Oxytocin is called 'birth hormone'. Reason: In female it stimulates a vigorous contraction of smooth muscle of uterus at the time of child birth.

Assertion: Polycythemia is common in hyperthyroidism Reason: Thyroid hormone accelerate the process of red blood cell formation

Assertion: PTH increases the \(\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}\) level in blood Reason: PTH stimulates the process of bone resorption.

Assertion: PTH and thyrocalcitonin have antagonistic effect Reason: PTH increases where as thyrocalcitonin decreases blood

Assertion: Catecholamine increases the concentration of glucose in blood Reason: Catecholamine stimulates glycogenolysis

Assertion: Cortisol is useful in organ transplantation Reason: Cortisol suppresses immune response

Assertion: Glucagon is a hypoglycaemic hormone Reason: Glucagon stimulates glycogenesis

Assertion: Androgen affects male sexual behaviour (Libido) Reason: Oestrogen regulates female sexual behaviour

Assertion: CCK stimulates secretion of bile juice. Reason: CCK act on liver.