Chapter 21

Ear performs which of the following sensory functions? (A) Vision (B) Olfaction (C) Hearing (D) Maintenance of body balance (a) A, B, C (b) B and C Only (c) C and D Only (d) C Only

Anatomically the ear can be divided into how many major sections? (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Ear is divided into (a) Outer ear (b) Middle ear (c) Inner ear (d) All of these

Tympanic membrane consists of (a) Skin on outside (b) Connective tissue in middle part (c) Mucus membrane on inside (d) All of these

The is attached to the tympanic membrane and the oval window of the cochlea. (a) Malleus, Incus (b) Incus, Stapes (c) Malleus, Stapes (d) Stapes, Malleus

Select the incorrect statement: (a) Eustachian tube connects the middle ear cavity with the pharyn \(\mathrm{x}\). (b) The eustachian tube helps in equalizing the pressure on either sides of ear drum. (c) Oval window is a part of cochlea. (d) The ear ossicle decreases the efficiency of transmission of sound waves to the inner ear.

Inner ear contains all except (a) Reissner's membrane (b) Basilar membrane (c) Cochlea (d) Stapes

Select the total number of true statement from the following: (1) Scala vestibuli ends at the oval window. (2) Scala tympani terminates at round window. (3) Vestibular apparatus is located above cochlea. (4) Otolith organ consists of saccule and utricle. (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Vestibular apparatus consists of (a) Three semicircular canal (b) Saccule (c) Utricle (d) All of these

Specific receptors of the vestibular apparatus responsible for the maintenance of balance of the body and posture is (a) Macula (b) Crista (c) Organ of corti (d) Both (a) and (b)

In man the receptors stimulated by sound waves are (a) Organ of corti (b) Semicircular canal (c) Utriculus (d) Sacculus

Scala vestibuli is connected with (a) Scala media (b) Fenestra ovalis (c) Scala tympani (d) Fenestra rotundus

The cochlea of mammalian internal ear is concerned with (a) Hearing (b) Balance of body posture (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Perception changes of atmospheric pressure

Identify the correct sequence of organs/regions in the organization of human ear as an auditory mechanoreceptor organ. (a) Pinna-Cochlea-Tympanic membrane-Auditory canal-Malleus-Stapes-Incus- Auditory nerve (b) Pinna-Auditory canal-Tympanic membrane-Malleus-Incus-Stapes-Cochlea- Auditory nerve (c) Pinna-Tympanic membrane-Auditory canal-Incus-Malleus-Stapes-Cochlea- Auditory nerve (d) Pinna-Malleus-Incus-Stapes-Auditory canal-Tympanic membrane-Cochlea- Auditory nerve

Internal ear is filled with (a) Perilymph (b) Endolymph (c) Lymph (d) Both (a) and (b)

Reissner's membrane is found in (a) Cochlea of mammal (b) Eye of mammal (c) Heart of mammal (d) Nasal duct of mammal

In the internal ear, the organ of Corti which bears hair cells is located in (a) Sacculus (b) Scala media (c) Scala tympani (d) Scala vestibuli

Equilibrium of the body is maintained by (a) Sacculus and cochlea (b) Semicircular canals and utriculus (c) Eustachian tube (d) Ear ossicles

Which of the following senses is affected if the tectorial membrane is removed from human? (a) Balance (b) Hearing (c) Vision (d) Smell

Malleus (hammer shape), incus (anvil shape) and stapes (stirrup shape) are present in (a) Internal ear of frog (b) Middle ear of human (c) Eye of rabbit (d) Eye of frog

The waxy substance that coats the surface of auditory canal is produced by (a) Harderian glands (b) Meibomian glands (c) Zeis glands (d) Ceruminous glands (sebaceous gland)

Macula in man are present in (a) Semicircular canals (b) Utriculus (c) Sacculus (d) Both utriculus and sacculus

Which of the following parts in your body is concerned with the sense of balance? (a) Eustachian tube (b) Cochlea (c) Eardrum (d) Semicircular canals

The fluid present in the semicircular canals of the internal ear of human is (a) Endolymph (b) Perilymph (c) Lymph (d) Coelomic fluid

Which one of the following is not a part of ear? (a) Eustachian tube (b) Cone cell (c) Utriculus (d) Sacculus

Otolith organ consist of (a) Saccule (b) Utricle (c) Semicircular canal (d) Both (a) and (c)

Select the correct statement: (a) Neural system co-ordinates and integrates functions as well as metabolic and homeostatic activities of all organs (b) Chemical involved in the transmission of impulse at chemical synapses are always proteins (c) The electrical potential difference across the resting neural membrane is called the action potential (d) Organ of Corti influenced by gravity and movement and helps in maintaining balance of the body and posture

Assertion: Nerve impulse can never be transmitted from dendrite or cell body of one neuron to the axon of the next neuron, across a synapse. Reason: This happens because of the synaptic delay at each synapse.

Assertion: After hearing a sound, the nerve impulse passes from neurons to the brain. Reason: The neurons which pass nerve impulses from the body organ to the brain is called afferent neuron.

Assertion: The cerebellum has very convoluted surface. Reason: It provides additional space for many more neurons.

Assertion: Some areas of the brain and spinal cord look white. Reason: This is because cell bodies of neurons are situated in those areas.

Assertion: Motor neuron terminates on a motor end plate at the neuromuscular junction. Reason: Motor endplate acts as receptor for detecting changes in the muscle fibres.

Assertion: Crista and macula are the specific receptors of vestibular apparatus responsible for the maintenance of balance of the body and posture. Reason: Cochlea helps in hearing.

Assertion: The chemical stored in the synaptic vesicles are termed as neurotransmitters. Reason: Synaptic vesicles release these chemicals in the synaptic cleft.

Assertion: Medulla oblongata causes reflex actions like vomiting, coughing and sneezing. Reason: It has many nerve cells which controls autonomic reflexes.

Assertion: Transmission of the nerve impulse across a synapse is accomplished by neurotransmitters. Reason: Transmission across a synapse usually requires neurotransmitters because there is small space, i.e., synaptic cleft, that separates one neuron from another.

Assertion: The place in retina from which the optic nerve leaves is known as blind spot. Reason: Because this place is devoid of photoreceptor cells.

Assertion: Cornea transplants are successful. Reason: Cornea is avascular and so there is no reaction of immune system.

Assertion: Owl can see at night. Reason: They possess a large number of rods and few cones in their retina.

Assertion: Vitamin \(-\) A deficiency produce night blindness. Reason: Vitamin \(-\) A forms retinal, a component of visual pigments in rods and cones.

Assertion: Surface of cerebrum is highly folded. Reason: To increase the area for having more neurons.

Assertion: Person fails to hear by destroying temporal lobe. Reason: Temporal lobe having auditory area.

Assertion: Conditioned reflex requires previous experience. Reason: It is controlled by cerebrum initially.

Assertion: In a myelinated nerve fibre the impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier to the other. Reason: Exchange of ions takes place only at node of Ranvier.

Assertion: No image is formed at the exit of optic nerve. Reason: It lacks the receptor cells and is insensitive to light.

Assertion: Unmyelinated fibres are without myelin sheath. Reason: Schwann cells are absent in unmyelinated fibres.

Assertion: Ionic gradient is present across the resting membrane in nerve fibre. Reason: It is due to active transport of ion by sodium and potassium pump.

Assertion: Hypothalamus is called thermostat of body. Reason: Hypothalamus contain centre for thermoregulation.

Assertion: We can equalise pressure on either side of ear drum. Reason: Eustachian tube connects inner ear with pharynx.

Assertion: Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always faster than that across a chemical synapse. Reason: At electrical synapses, the membranes of pre- and post-synaptic neurons are in very close proximity.