Chapter 11

Grapes immersed in water would shrink if (a) Water contains salts (b) Water contains starch (c) Water is cold (d) Water is hot

Plant cells submerged in distilled water will become (a) Turgid (b) Flaccid (c) Plasmolysed (d) Impermeable

The plants face water stress due to the usc of excessive fertilizers because of (a) Exosmosis (b) Endosmosis (c) Imbibitions (d) None of these

What will be the direction of movement of water, when solution \(\mathrm{A}\) having water potential of \(-9\) bars and another solution \(\mathrm{B}\) of \(-4\) bars is separated by a semi-permeable membrane? (a) \(\mathrm{B}\) to \(\mathrm{A}\) (b) \(\mathrm{A}\) to \(\mathrm{B}\) (c) Both directions (d) None

If the external solution is more dilute than cytoplasm, then the external solution is said to be (a) Hypotonic (b) Hypertonic (c) Isotonic (d) Isothermal

During plasmolysis (a) Cell membrane of a plant cell shrinks away from its cell wall (b) Water first lost from the cytoplasm and then from the vacuoles (c) Area between cell wall and shrunken protoplast is occupied by outer solution (d) All the above

What happens when plant cell is put in hypotonic solution? (a) Cell swells up (b) Cell undergoes plasmolysis (c) Cell wall shrinks (d) Cell will burst

The pressure exerted by the protoplast due to the entry of water against the rigid cell wall is called (a) Osmotic potential (b) Pressure potential (c) Water potential (d) Matrix potential

Imbibition is (a) Special type of diffusion (b) Osmosis (c) Facilitated diffusion (d) Active transport

Imbibition is characterized by (a) Increase in volume (b) Release of energy (c) Increase in pressure (d) All of these

The best example of imbibition is (a) Absorption of water by seed (b) Absorption of water by dry wood (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Which of the following is correct about imbibitions? (a) It requires \(\psi \omega\) gradient between the absorbent and the liquid imbibed. (b) It requires affinity between the absorbent and the liquid. (c) Imbibition pressure is produced by the swelling of wood and in turn used by prchistoric man to split rocks and boulders. (d) All the above

The path of the movement of water is demonstrated by using (a) Solution containing pure water (b) Solution of water and mineral (c) Dye (colour) dissolved in water (d) All of these

Simple long distance transport cannot be achieved by (a) Diffusion (b) Facilitated diffusion (c) Active transport (d) All of these

Water, mineral and food are generally moved by over large distance by (a) Simple diffusion (b) Facilitated diffusion (c) Active transport (d) Bulk flow or mass flow

Bulk flow can be achieved by (a) Positive hydrostatic pressure gradient (b) Negative hydrostatic pressure gradient (suction) (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Xylem is associated with the translocation of (a) Water (b) Mineral (c) Some organic nitrogen and hormone (d) All of these

Which of the following is incorrect about apoplastic pathway? (a) Movement of water takes place through intercellular spaces and the walls of cells. (b) Movement depends on the gradient. (c) Mass flow occurs due to adhesive and cohesive property of water. (d) This pathway provides barrier to water movement.

During symplastic pathway water moves through (a) Cytoplasm (b) Plasmodesmata (c) Cell membranc (d) All of thesc

Which of the following is incorrect about symplastic pathway? (a) Movement of water is relatively slower. (b) Movement is down the concentration gradient. (c) It may be aided by cytoplasmic streaming. (d) Most of the water flow in root occurs by this pathway.

Cytoplasmic streaming is easily seen in (a) Leaf of hydrilla (b) Leaf of mango (c) Stem cells of sunflower (d) Pollen grains

Movement of water is correctly represented by (a) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Root hair (Epidermis) \(\rightarrow\) Xylem \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle (b) Root hair (Epidermis) \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Xylem \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Cortex (c) Root hair (Epidermis) \(\rightarrow\) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Xylem (d) Xylem \(\rightarrow\) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Root hair (Epidermis)

Where is apoplastic movement shifted to symplastic pathway? (a) Cortex (b) Endodermis (c) Pericycle (d) Xylem

Which of the following is true about mycorrhizae? (a) Association between roots and fungus. (b) Fungal hyphae have very large surface area that absorb water and mineral from the soil. (c) Roots provide sugar and \(\mathrm{N}\) -containing compound to the fungus. (d) All the above

Which plant seeds cannot be germinated and established without the presence of mycorrhizae? (a) Mango (b) Pulses (c) Pinus (d) Selaginella

Root pressure develops due to (a) Passive absorption of ions (b) Active absorption of ions (c) Active absorption of glucose (d) None of these

Effect of root pressure is visible (a) At night (b) At early morning (c) When evaporation is low (d) All of these

Guttation is seen in (a) Vein opening near the tip of grass blade (b) Leaves of many herbaceous plant (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Leaves of trees

Root pressure contributes to the (a) Ascent of sap in small herbaceous plants. (b) Re-establishment of continuous chains of water molecules in the xylem which often breaks down under the enormous tension created by transpiration. (c) Guttation (d) All the above

What is the approximate rate of the ascent of sap? (a) \(5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{hr}\) (b) \(15 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{hr}\) (c) \(40 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{hr}\) (d) \(2 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{hr}\)

How much percentage of water is used for photosynthesis? (a) \(1 \%\) (b) \(2 \%\) (c) \(3 \%\) (d) \(4 \%\)

Stomata helps in (a) Transpiration (b) Exchange of gases (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Transpiration is affected by (a) Humidity (b) Wind speed (c) Light and temperature (d) All of these

The plant factor which affects the transpiration are (a) Number and distribution of stomata (b) Number of stomata open (c) Water status of plant (d) All of these

Transpiration driven ascent of sap depends mainly on the \(\quad\) physical properties of water. (a) Cohesion (b) Adhesion (c) Surface tension (d) All of these

Properties of water which provide high tensile strength (i.e., ability to resist a pulling force) are: (a) Cohesion (b) Adhesion (c) Surface tension (d) All of these

Sap ascends in woody stems because of the root pressure and (a) Transpiration pull (b) Capillarity (c) Molecular adhesion (d) Photosynthesis

The most widely accepted explanation for the ascent of sap in tree is (a) Capillarity (b) Roll of atmospheric pressure (c) Pulsating action of living cells (d) Transpiration cohesion theory of Dixon

The path of water from soil up to secondary xylem is (a) Soil \(\rightarrow\) Root hair cell wall \(\rightarrow\) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Protoxylem \(\rightarrow\) Metaxylem (b) Metaxylem \(\rightarrow\) Protoxylem \(\rightarrow\) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Soil \(\rightarrow\) Root hair (c) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Root hair \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Protoxylem \(\rightarrow\) Metaxylem (d) Pericycle \(\rightarrow\) Soil \(\rightarrow\) Root hair \(\rightarrow\) Cortex \(\rightarrow\) Endodermis \(\rightarrow\) Protoxylem \(\rightarrow\) Metaxylem

A plant with well-washed roots is placed in a beaker of water diluted with red ink. The red colour travels up the stem and into the leaf veins. Which of the following should be the correct explanation of the uptake of red ink into the roots? (a) The red ink entered the root hairs by osmosis. (b) The molecules of red ink is diffused into the root hairs. (c) The membranes of the root hairs are destroyed and the red ink could enter. (d) The molecules of red ink passed from a region of low concentration to one of high concentration.

Exudation of xylem is due to (a) Passive absorption (b) Root pressure (c) Guttation (d) Presence of transpiration

By what mechanism does water moves through vessels and tracheids of root stem and leaves? (a) Osmotic flow (b) Bulk flow (c) Gravity flow (d) Imbibition

When the cut end of a shoot is placed in a solution of safranin, the presence of dye could be located in (a) Cortex (b) Tracheid elements (c) Phloem (d) Pith

Bulk flow of water occurs through (a) Living cells (b) Cell vacuoles (c) Apparent free spaces (d) Plasmodesmata

The continuity of water column in xylem is maintained due to the (a) Presence of air bubbles (b) Cohesive property of water (c) Evaporation power of water (d) None of these

The chief role of transpiration in plants is to cause (a) Loss of surplus water (b) Cooling of the plant (c) Rapid ascent of sap (d) Rapid rise of minerals

The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial plant parts is known as (a) Osmosis (b) Respiration (c) Photosynthesis (d) Transpiration

Guard cells are found in (a) Stomata (b) Root tips (c) Ovary (d) Lenticels

The position and frequency of stomata can be determined by (a) Calculating the loss of water (b) Cobalt chloride paper method (c) Photometer (d) Porometer

In both transpiration and evaporation, water is lost in the form of vapour yet they differ, because (a) Both transpiration and cvaporation are similar but the rate of water loss differs. (b) Frequency of water loss is different in both of them. (c) Transpiration is a physical process and evaporation is a physiological process. (d) Transpiration is a physiological process and cvaporation is a physical process.