Chapter 13

How many types of photosynthetic cells occur in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant? (a) One type (b) Two types (c) Four types (d) Eight types

Which of the following cells of \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants are prominently loaded with starch? (a) Epidermal cells (b) Mesophyll cells (c) Bundle sheath cells (d) All of these

The number of carboxylation in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) cycle is/are (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) 3

Photorespiration takes place in (a) Chloroplast, mitochondria (b) Mitochondria, peroxisome (c) Chloroplasts, peroxisome, mitochondria (d) Chloroplasts, cytoplasm, mitochondria

Photorespiration is called (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{2}\) cycle (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) cycle (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) cycle (d) None of these

The first reaction in photorespiraton is (a) Carboxylation (b) Decarboxylation (c) Oxygenation (d) Phosphorylation

\(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant is characterized by (a) High tolerance to temperature (b) Lacks process of photorespiration (c) Greater productivity of biomass (d) All of these

Bundle sheath cells have these following characters except (a) Large in size (b) Large number of chloroplast (c) Thick wall impervious to gaseous exchange (d) With intercellular spaces

Primary \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) acceptor in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant occurs in (a) Inner layer cells of bundle sheath (b) Outer layer cells of bundle sheath (c) Mesophyll cells (d) None of these

Bundle sheath cells are rich in (a) RuBisCO (b) PEP case (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Which of the following is correct about photorespiration? (a) Wasteful process (b) ATP is utilized (c) Release of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) All of these

During photorespiration (a) RuBisCO binds with \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) (b) Phosphoglycerate and phosphoglycolate is formed (c) Sugar is not synthesized (d) All the above

Photorespiration does not takes place in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant because (a) \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) is not released in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant during photosynthesis. (b) Intracellular concentration of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is high in bundle sheath and it ensures RuBisCO function as carboxylase. (c) They are found in cold environment. (d) Stomata in them opens during night.

External factor affecting photosynthesis are (a) Sunlight and temperature (b) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) concentration (c) Water (d) All of these

Internal factor affecting photosynthesis are (a) Number and size of leaf (b) Age of leaf and orientation (c) Internal \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) concentration and amount of chlorophyll (d) All the above

Internal factor of plant depends on (a) Growth of plant (b) Genetic predisposition (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Which is a limiting factor? (a) Green leaf (b) Optimal light (c) Optimal \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) Low temperature

Photosynthesis is affected by (a) Quality of light (b) Intensity of light (c) Duration of light (d) All of these

Light saturation occurs at _______ of the fall sunlight. (a) \(2 \%\) (b) \(5 \%\) (c) \(10 \%\) (d) \(20 \%\)

Light may be a limiting factor for (a) plants in dense forest (b) plant in temperate forest (c) plant in grassland (d) all

What is the relationship between \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixation and incident light at low intensities? (a) Linear (b) Parabola (c) Hyperbola (d) None

Select the incorrect statement from the following: (a) At high intensities, both \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants shows increase in the rate of photosynthesis by increasing \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) concentration. (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants shows saturation at \(360 \mu \mathrm{l} / \mathrm{L}\). (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) plant shows saturation beyond \(450 \mu \mathrm{l} / \mathrm{L}\). (d) Productivity of tomatoes and ball papers cannot be increased by enriching environment by \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\)

Select the incorrect statement from the following: (a) Dark reaction is more sensitive to temperature. (b) Light reaction is less sensitive to temperature. (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plant responds to higher temperature and \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) plant have lower optimum temperature. (d) Tropical plant have lower optimum temperature for photosynthesis.

Water stress leads to (a) Closing of stomata (b) Wilting of leaves (c) Reduced activity of leaf (d) All of these

Which factor indirectly affects the process of photosynthesis? (a) Light (b) Temperature (c) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) concentration (d) Water

Photosynthesis takes place (a) Only in sunlight (b) Only in yellow light (c) In the visible light obtained from any source (d) Only in very high intensity of light

Photo-oxidation of chlorophyll is called (a) Intensification (b) Chlorosis (c) Solarization (d) Defoliation

Which one of the following is not a limiting factor for photosynthesis? (a) Oxygen (b) Carbon dioxide (c) Chlorophyll (d) Light

What will be the effect of intermittent light on photosynthesis? (a) It will increase (b) It will decrease (c) Nothing will happen (d) Process will stop

Main factor which limits the rate of photosynthesis on a clear day is (a) chlorophyll (b) light (c) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) water

Blackman's law of limiting factor is applied to (a) growth (b) respiration (c) transpiration (d) photosynthesis

Which factor is not limited to normal conditions for photosynthesis? (a) Air (b) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (c) Water (d) Chlorophyll

The first product of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixation in Hatch and Slack (C \(_{4}\) ) cycle in plants is formation of (a) oxaloacetate by carboxylation of phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) in bundle sheath cells (b) phosphoglyceric acid in mesophyll cells (c) bundle sheath cells (d) oxaloacetate by carboxylation of phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) in the mesophyll cells

Assertion: Six molecules of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and twelve molecules of \(\mathrm{NADPH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}^{+}\) and 18 ATP are used to form one hexose molecule. Reason: Light reaction results in the formation of ATP and NADPH \(_{2}\) and oxygen.

Assertion: The first \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixation product was a \(\mathrm{C}\) -organic compound. Reason: The use of radioactive \(\mathrm{C}^{14}\) in algal photosynthesis studied led to this discovery.

Assertion: There is a decrease in photosynthesis, if the photosynthetic cells are illuminated by light of \(\mathrm{P}_{660} \mathrm{~nm}\) or more wavelength. Reason: In red drop phenomenon the rate of photosynthesis decreases.

Assertion: CAM plants lack structural compartmentation of leaf, as found in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants. Reason: Stomata of CAM plants are open during the night.

Assertion: Plants utilizing the first \(\mathrm{RuBP}\) in \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixations are called \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) plants. Reason: Plants utilizing the first PEP in \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixations are called \(\mathrm{C}_{2}\) plants.

Assertion: Cyclic pathway of photosynthesis first appeared in some eubacterial species. Reason: Oxygen started accumulating in the atmosphere after the non-cyclic pathway of photosynthesis evolved.

Assertion: Each molecule of ribulose-1, 5 -bisphosphate fixes one molecule of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\). Reason: Three molecules of NADPH and two ATP are required for the fixation of one molecule of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\)

Assertion: Regeneration of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) acceptor molecule RuBP is crucial if the cycle is to continue uninterrupted. Reason: The regeneration steps require one ATP for phosphorylation to form RuBP.

Assertion: \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) photosynthetic pathway is more efficient than the \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) pathway. Reason: Photorespiration is suppressed in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants.

Assertion: Accessory pigment helps to make photosynthesis more efficient. Reason: Accessory pigment helps to absorb different wavelengths of light.

Assertion: Photolysis of water occur on inner side of the membrane of thylakoid. Reason: Water splitting complex is associated with PSII which is physically located on inner side of thylakoid Membrane.

Assertion: Synthesis of ATP from ADP in chloroplast is called photophosphorylation. Reason: This phosphorylation in chloroplast occurs in presence of light.

Assertion: Proton produced by the splitting of water accumulate with in the lumen of thylakoid. Reason: Spitting of water molecule takes place on inner side of the membrane of thylakoid.

Assertion: Calvin cycle is referred as \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) pathway Reason: In Calvin cycle the first product of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) fixation is \(\mathrm{a} \mathrm{C}_{3}\) acid (PGA).

Assertion: To make one molecule of glucose 6 turns of the Calvin cycle required Reason: One turn of Calvin cycle fix one molecule of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\)

Assertion: Photorespiration is a wasteful process. Reason: It results in \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) release with the utilization of ATP and there is no synthesis of ATP or NADPH

Assertion: Light is rarely a limiting factor in most of plant. Reason: Light saturation occur at \(10 \%\) of the full sunlight.