Chapter 15

_____________ cut(s) DNA molecules at specific sites. a. DNA polymerase b. DNA probes c. Restriction enzymes d. DNA ligase

A ___________ is a molecule that can be used to carry a fragment of DNA into a host organism. a. cloning vector b. chromosome \(c, G M O\) \(\mathrm{d} . \mathrm{cDNA}\)

Reverse transcriptase assembles a(n) ____________ on a(n) ______________ template. a. mRNA; DNA b. \(c D N A ;\) mRNA c. DNA; ribosome d. protein; mRNA

For each species, all ___________ in the complete set of chromosomes is/are the _____________ . a. genomes; phenotype b. DNA; genome c. mRNA; start of cDNA d. cDNA; start of mRNA

A set of cells that host various DNA fragments collectively representing an organism's entire set of genetic information is called a ___________ . a. genome b. clone c. genomic library d. GMO

______________ is a technique to determine the order of nucleotides in a sample of DNA. a. \(\mathrm{PCR}\) b. Sequencing c. Electrophoresis d. Nucleic acid hybridization

Electrophoresis separates fragments of DNA according to _________. a. sequence b. length c. species

\(\mathrm{PCR}\) can be used _____________ . a. as a cloning vector b. in DNA profiling c. to modify a human genome

An individual's set of unique ___________ can be used as a DNA profile. a. DNA sequences b. SNPs c. short tandem repeats d. all of the above

Taq polymerase is used for PCR because it __________ . a. tolerates the high temperature needed to separate DNA strands b. is an enzyme from a bacterium c. does not require primers d. is genetically modified

Put the following tasks in the order they would occur during a DNA cloning experiment. a. using DNA ligase to seal DNA fragments into vectors b. using a probe to identify a clone in the library c. sequencing the DNA of the clone d. making a DNA library of clones c. cutting genomic DNA with restriction enzymes

True or false? Some transgenic organisms can pass their foreign genes to offspring.

______________ can correct a genetic defect in an individual. a. Cloning vectors b. Gene therapy c. Sequencing d. Electrophoresis

True or false? Some humans are genetically modified.

Match each term with the most suitable description. a. GMO with a foreign gene b. alleles commonly contain them c. a person's unique collection of short tandem repeats d. requires reverse transcriptase e. cuts DNA f. used in plant gene transfers DNA profile Ti plasmid cDNA synthesis SNP transgenic restriction enzyme