Q4. - Organic Chemistry

Question

Question: Draw a valid Lewis structure for each species.

$a\mathit{.}\mathit{ }C{H}_{\mathit{3}}C{H}_{\mathit{3}\mathit{ }\mathit{ }\mathit{ }\mathit{ }\mathit{ }\mathit{ }}b\mathit{.}\mathit{ }C{H}_{\mathit{5}}N\mathit{ }\mathit{ }\mathit{ }c\mathit{.}\mathit{ }C{H}_{\mathit{3}}Cl$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Answer

 

a. The Lewis structure of ${\mathrm{CH}}_3{\mathrm{CH}}_3$is shown below:

                               

                                    Lewis structure of ethane

b. The Lewis structure of is${\mathrm{CH}}_5\mathrm{N}$ shown below:

                                     

                                        Lewis structure of methanamine

c. The Lewis structure of ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{Cl}$is shown below:

                                                

                                         Lewis structure of chloromethane

Step-by-Step Solution Step 1: Meaning of Lewis structure

Lewis structure is the representation of the outermost electron and the bond formed by the element. In the representation, dots and lines are used to represent the valence electrons and bond, respectively

Step 2: Lewis structure of a.

The given species is${\mathrm{CH}}_3{\mathrm{CH}}_3$  . The valence electrons in C and H are 4 and 1, respectively. The total valence electrons in the given species are calculated as follows:

 

Each carbon shares its electrons with other carbon and 3 H atoms. The Lewis structure is shown below:

                                                           

                                                         Lewis structure of ethane

 

Step 3: Lewis structure of b.

The given species is ${\mathrm{CH}}_5\mathrm{N}$ . The valence electrons in C and N are 4 and 5, respectively. The total valence electrons in the given species are calculated as follows:
$\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{Valence} \mathrm{Electrons} = 4 + 5\left(1\right) + 5 = 9 +5 = 14$

Carbon shares its electrons with 3 H atoms and 1 N atom. N shares an electron with each H atom, and there will be two nonbonding  electrons on N. The Lewis structure ${\mathrm{CH}}_5\mathrm{N}$  is shown below:

                                               

                                       Lewis structure of methanamine

Step 4: Lewis structure of c.

The given species is${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{Cl}$. The valence electrons in C, H, and Cl are 4, 1, and 7, respectively. The total valence electrons in the given species are calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{Total} \mathrm{Valence} \mathrm{Electrons} = 4 + 3\left(1\right) + 7 =7 +7 = 14$

Carbon shares its electrons with 3 H atoms and 1 Cl atom. Cl shares an electron with a C atom, and there will be six nonbonding electrons on Cl. The Lewis structure ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{Cl}$  is shown below:

                                                            

                                                  Lewis structure of chloromethane