Q21-81E - Organic Chemistry (Mcmurry)

Question

When an amide is formed from an acid chloride or an anhydride, two moles of base are required. However, when an ester is used as the starting material, only one equivalent of base is needed. Explain the reactivity in terms of basicity of the leaving groups.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The Structure should be

Step 1: Base NH 3 the needed Moles

Two moles of base NH₃ are needed,

One Mole goes for the Nucleophilic attack,

Step 2: Forming the Second Mole

The Second mole stabilize the HCL by forming NH₄CL.

The Reaction should be