Q.10.50 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Write a balanced equation for the neutralization of each of the following:

a. ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right) and \mathrm{NaOH}\left(aq\right)$

b. $\mathrm{HI}\left(aq\right) and \mathrm{LiOH}\left(aq\right)$

c. ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right) and \mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s)$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)+3\mathrm{NaOH}\left(aq\right)\to 3{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)+{\mathrm{Na}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)$

b. data-custom-editor="chemistry" $\mathrm{HI}\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{LiOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)+\mathrm{LiI}\left(aq\right)$

c. $2{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s)\to 2{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2(aq)$

Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

Write a balanced equation for the neutralization of- 

${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{NaOH}\left(aq\right)$

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The balanced equation for the neutralization of  ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{NaOH}\left(aq\right)$ is,

${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)+3\mathrm{NaOH}\left(aq\right)\to 3{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)+{\mathrm{Na}}_3{\mathrm{PO}}_4\left(aq\right)$

The reaction between $H_{3}P{O}_4$ and $NaOH$ gives water and trisodium phosphate.

Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

Write a balanced equation for the neutralization of- 

$\mathrm{HI}\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{LiOH}\left(aq\right)$

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

The balanced equation for the neutralization of $\mathrm{HI}\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{LiOH}\left(aq\right)$ is,

$\mathrm{HI}\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{LiOH}\left(aq\right)\to {\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)+\mathrm{LiI}\left(aq\right)$

The reaction between HI and LiOH gives water and lithium iodide.

Part (c) Step 1: Given Information

Write a balanced equation for the neutralization of- 

${\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s)$

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

The balanced equation for the neutralization of ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)\text{ and }\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s)$ is,

${\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s)\to {\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{Ca}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2(aq)$

The reaction between $HN{O}_3$ and $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_2$ gives water and calcium nitrate salt.