Q. 9.89 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Indicate whether each of the following ionic compounds is soluble or insoluble in water: $(9.3)$

a. $KCl$

b.  $MgS{O}_4$

c. $CuS$

d. $AgN{O}_3$

e. $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_2$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a) As a corollary, $KCl$ is hydrophilic.

b) As a byproduct, $MgS{O}_4$ is liquid at room temperature.

d) As a consequence, $CuS$ is immiscible with water.

c) As a reason, $AgN{O}_3$ is water soluble.

d) As a function, $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_4$ is not water based.

Step 1: Introduction.

Ionic compounds are kept together into electrostatic interactions and are classified as such. Ions of negative charges are closely packed to create crystalline solids. 

Step 2: Given data (Part a).

(a) The solubility criteria are used to determine if an ionic chemical is soluble in water. The following table summarises the solubility rules for ionic solids in water.

Table: Water Solubility Rules for Ionic Solids

Step 3: Explanation (Part a).

$KCl$ is made up of the letters $K^{+} and C{l}^{-}$ , and any salt containing the letter $K^{+}$ is water soluble. As a result, $KCl$ is water soluble.

Step 4: Given Data (Part b) .

$MgS{o}_4$ is made up of the ions $M{g}^{2+} and S{O_4}^{2-}$. Except when the cation is $B{a}^{2+}, P{b}^{2+}, C{a}^{2+}or S{r}^{2+}$ a sulphate salt is water soluble. $MgS{O}_4$ is thus liquid soluble.

Step 5: Explanation (Part b).

A sulphate sate is liquid at room temperature. It's a liquid mixture.

Step 6: Given data (Part c).

$CuS$ is made up of $C{u}^{2+} and S^2$ ions. It is not a positively charged ion.

Step 7: Explanation (Part c).

$CuS$ does not have a liquid positive ion, hence a copper salt carrying a $S^{2-}$ ion will not dissolve. $CuS$ is hence water insoluble.

Step 8: Given data (Part d).

 This salt can be used to make a variety of silver compounds, including that were used in cinematography.

Step 9: Explanation (Part d).

$AgN{O}_3$ is made up of $A{g}^{+} and N{O_3}^{-}$ ions. Any salt bearing $N{O_3}^{-}$ is water soluble. As a result, $AgN{O}_3$ will dissolves in a water.

Step 10: Given data (Part e).

The inorganic substance calcium hydroxide (also referred as lime juice) has the chemical formula.

Step 11: Explanation (Part e).

 $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_2$ ions make up $C{a}^{2+} and O{H}^{-}$. Except if the salt includes the cations$L{i}^{+}, N{a}^{+}, K^{+} or N{H_4}^{+}$ , a salt bearing $O{H}^{-}$ is insoluble in water. As a result, $Ca{\left(OH\right)}_2$ is water insoluble.