Q. 7.40 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Balance each of the following chemical equations:

$$\begin{gathered} \text{ a. }\mathrm{Zn}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ b. }\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ c. }{\mathrm{K}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(s\right)+\mathrm{KCl}\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ d. }{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3\left(s\right)⟶\mathrm{CaO}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(g\right) \end{gathered}$$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The balanced equations of the above question are:

$$\begin{gathered} \text{ a. }\mathrm{Zn}\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ b. 2}\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+3{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶3{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ c. }{\mathrm{K}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(s\right)+2\mathrm{KCl}\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ d. }{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3\left(s\right)⟶\mathrm{CaO}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(g\right) \end{gathered}$$

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Zn}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)$

Part (a) Step 2: Simplify

The steps below are used to balance the equation.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

By repeating these steps, we get

$\mathrm{Zn}\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+\mathrm{Zn}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)$

Part (b) Step 1: Given information:

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3(aq$

Part (b) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

$2\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+3{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶3{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right)$

Part (c) Step 1: Given information:

We have been given an equation.${\mathrm{K}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(s\right)+\mathrm{KCl}\left(aq\right)$

Part (c) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

${\mathrm{K}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(s\right)+2\mathrm{KCl}\left(aq\right)$

Part (d) Step 1: Given information

We have been given an equation.${\mathrm{CaCO}}_3\left(s\right)⟶\mathrm{CaO}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$

Part (d) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

${\mathrm{CaCO}}_3\left(s\right)⟶\mathrm{CaO}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$