Q. 7.39 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Balance each of the following chemical equations:

$\text{ a. }\mathrm{Mg}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{AgNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶\mathrm{Mg}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Ag}\left(s\right)$

$\text{ b. }\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Cu}\left(s\right)$
$\text{ c. }\mathrm{Pb}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{NaCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3(aq$

$\text{ d. }\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+\mathrm{HCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The balanced equations are:

$$\begin{gathered} \text{ a. }\mathrm{Mg}\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{AgNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶\mathrm{Mg}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\mathrm{Ag}\left(s\right) \\ \text{ b. 2}\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+3{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+3\mathrm{Cu}\left(s\right) \\ \text{ c. }\mathrm{Pb}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\mathrm{NaCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3\left(aq\right) \\ \text{ d. 2}\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+6\mathrm{HCl}\left(aq\right)⟶2{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+2{\mathrm{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right) \end{gathered}$$

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Mg}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{AgNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶\mathrm{Mg}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Ag}\left(s\right)$

Part (a) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

$2\mathrm{Mg}\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{AgNO}}_3\left(aq\right)⟶\mathrm{Mg}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\mathrm{Ag}\left(s\right)$

Part (b) Step 1: Given information:

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{Cu}\left(s\right)$

Part (b) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

$\text{2 }\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+3{\mathrm{CuSO}}_4\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{Al}}_2{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3\left(aq\right)+3\mathrm{Cu}\left(s\right)$

Part (c) Step 1: Given information:

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Pb}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+\mathrm{NaCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3(aq$

Part (c) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

$\mathrm{Pb}{\left({\mathrm{NO}}_3\right)}_2\left(aq\right)+2\mathrm{NaCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{PbCl}}_2\left(s\right)+2{\mathrm{NaNO}}_3(aq$

Part (d) Step 1: Given information

We have been given an equation.$\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+\mathrm{HCl}\left(aq\right)⟶{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+{\mathrm{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)$

Part (d) Step 2: Simplify

To balance the equation, follow the steps below.

• Calculate the number of distinct types of atoms in the reactants and products.
• Increase the amount of atoms or molecules in the substances by putting coefficients in front of symbols or formulas as needed.
• Repeat steps one and two until the equation is balanced.

We acquire results by repeating these actions.

$2\mathrm{Al}\left(s\right)+6\mathrm{HCl}\left(aq\right)⟶3{\mathrm{H}}_2\left(g\right)+2{\mathrm{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)$