Q. 72 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Identify each of the following as an acid or a base; (10.1)

A. $\mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$$\mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$

B. ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_3$

C. ${\mathrm{HC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2$

D. $\mathrm{CsOH}$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(Part a). $\mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$ is an strong base.

(Part b). ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_3$ is a weak acid

(Part c). ${\mathrm{HC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2$ is a weak acid

(Part d). $\mathrm{CsOH}$ is an strong base.

Step: 1 Introduction and Explanation Of Sr ( OH ) 2

 A base, according to the Arrhenius hypothesis, is a chemical that produces a metal ion and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution  $\left({\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\right)$ .The following equation represents the combination of  $\mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$ with water:

$\mathrm{Sr}\left(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2\right(s\left)\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}{⟶}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{2+}\right(aq)+2{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}(aq)$

$\begin{array}{lcc}\text{ Strontium }& \text{ Strontium }& \text{ Hydroxide }\\ \text{ hydroxide }& \text{ ion }& \text{ ion }\end{array}$

Consequently, $\mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$ is a base

Step :2 Explanation Of H 2 SO 3

An acid, and according to Arrhenius theory, is indeed a chemical that creates hydrogen ions in either an aqueous solution $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$. The combination between ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ and ${\mathrm{SO}}_4$  and water has been represented as follows:

${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_3\left(aq\right)+2{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftarrows {\mathrm{SO}}_3^{2-}\left(aq\right)+2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

$\begin{array}{cccc}\text{ Sulfurous }& \text{ Water }& \text{ Sulfite ion }& \text{ Hydronium }\\ \text{ acid }& & \text{ ion }& \end{array}$

A single proton $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ does not exist in water; however, it quickly reacts with it to generate the hydronium ion $\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$.

As a result, ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_3$ is an acid.

Step :3 Explanation Of HCC 2 H 3 O 2

An acid, according to the Arrhenius theory, would be a molecule capable releases hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ The reaction among both ${\mathrm{HC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2$  and oxygen is expressed in the form:

${\mathrm{HC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(l\right)\rightleftarrows {\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2^{-}\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(aq\right)$

$Acetic acid Water Acetate ion Hydronium ion$

A molecular proton $\left({\mathrm{H}}^{+}\right)$ does not exist in water; however, it quickly reacts with it to generate the hydronium ion $\left({\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\right)$

As a consequence, ${\mathrm{HC}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_2$ is indeed an acidic.

Step:4 Explanation Of CsOH

A bases, as per the Arrhenius theory, seems to be a substance that generates a metal ion and hydroxide ions in such an aqueous solution $\left({\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\right)$. This same following equation reflects the interaction of  $\mathrm{CsOH}$  using water:

$\mathrm{CsOH}\left(s\right)\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}{⟶}{\mathrm{Cs}}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

$\begin{array}{l}\text{ Cesium }\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\text{ Cesium }\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\text{ Hydroxide }\\ \text{ hydroxide }\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\text{ ion }\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\hspace{0.25em}\text{ ion }\end{array}$

As a conclusion, CsOH is a base.