Q. 6.88 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Identify the strongest intermolecular forces between the particles of each of the following:
a. $O_2$
b. $Si{H}_4$
 c.$C{H}_{3 }Cl$ 
 d. $H_2{O}_2$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) The strongest intermolecular force is ion-dipole attraction.

(b) The strongest intermolecular force is London dispersion forces.

(c) The strongest intermolecular force is dipole-dipole attraction.

(d)The strongest intermolecular force is  hydrogen bonding.

Part(a) step1 : Given information.

We have been given that,

$O_2$

We need to find the type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles.

Part(a) Step2 : Simplify.

The type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles is ion-dipole attraction.

• This forces are stronger than dipole interactions.
• Polar covalent bond between oxygen and carbon.
• Essential for survival of living organisms.

Part(b) step1 : Given information.

We have been given that,

$Si{H}_4$

We need to find the type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles.

Part(b) Step2 : Simplify.

• The type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles is London dispersion forces.
• It is colorless, flammable, poisonous gas.
• It is non polar molecule.
• Low electronegativity.

Part(c) step1 : Given information.

We have been given that, $C{H}_{3}Cl$

We need to find the type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles.

Part(c) Step2 : Simplify.

The type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles is dipole-dipole attraction.

• Happens between positive and negative end of polar molecule.
• Electronegativity difference is more between atoms.
• It is organic chemical compound .
• colorless, sweet-smelling dense liquid.

Part(d) step1 : Given information.

We have been given that,

$H_{2 }{O}_2$

We need to find the type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles.

Part(d) Step2 : Simplify.

The type of strongest intermolecular forces between it's particles is  hydrogen bonding.

• It is very strong dipole-dipole attraction.
• It has four H-bonding.