Q. 6.141 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Predict the shape and polarity of each of the following molecules, which have polar covalent bonds:$(6.8 , 6.9)$

a. A central atom with three identical bonded atoms and one lone pair.

b. A central atom with two bonded atoms and two lone pairs.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. The shape of the molecule is triangular pyramidal and the molecule is polar. 

b. The shape of the molecule is bent and the molecule is  polar.

Part (a) step 1: Given Information

A central atom with three identical bonded atoms and one lone pair. 

Part (a) step 2: Explanation

It is a pyramidal triangular shape of molecule but an electron total molecule is polar pairs are tetrahedral.

Part (b) step 1: Given Information

A central atom with two bonded atoms and two lone pairs. 

Part (b) step 2: Explanation

The total $4$ electron pair. Two shared and two lone pair then electron par shape is tetrahedral while atoms in the molecule are in bent shape at $109$ degree since atoms are only two edges of tetrahedral.