Q. 4.116 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Give the symbol of the element that has the

a. largest atomic size in Group $1A\left(1\right)$

b. largest atomic size in Period $4$

c. highest ionization energy in Group $2A\left(2\right)$

d. lowest ionization energy in Group $7A\left(17\right)$

e. least metallic character in Group $4A\left(14\right)$.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. The symbol of the element is $Fr$.

b. The symbol of the element is $K$.

c. The symbol of the element is $Be$.

d. The symbol of the element is $At$.

e. The symbol of the element is $C$.

Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the element having the largest atomic size in Group $1A\left(1\right)$.

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

According to the modern periodic table, the size of the atom increases when moving down to the group, the lowermost atom has the largest atomic size. So, in Group $1A$, Francium has the largest size with the symbol  $Fr$.

Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the element having the largest atomic size in Period $4$.

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

According to the modern periodic table, the size of an atom decreases while moving left to right in a Period, so the leftmost atom will have the largest atomic size.

Hence, in Period $4$, Potassium has the largest atomic size with symbol $K$.

Part (c) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the element having the highest ionization energy in Group $2A\left(2\right)$.

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

According to the modern periodic table, Beryllium atom has the highest ionization energy in Group $2A$ with the symbol $Be$.

Part (d) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the element having the lowest ionization energy in Group $7A\left(17\right)$.

Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

According to the modern periodic table, the ionization energy of the atom decreases when moving down to the group, the lowermost atom has the lowest ionization energy. So, in Group $7A$, Astatine has the  lowest ionization energy with the symbol $At$.

Part (e) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the element having the least metallic character in Group $4A\left(14\right)$.

Part (e) Step 2: Explanation

According to the modern periodic table, the metallic character of the atom increases when moving down to the group. So, the topmost atom has the least metallic character.

Hence, Carbon has the least metallic character in Group $4A$ with the symbol $C$.