Q. 4.106 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

The most abundant isotope of silver is $\begin{array}{c}107\\ 47\end{array}Ag$. $(4.4,4.5)$

a. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in $\begin{array}{c}107\\ 47\end{array}Ag$?

b. What is the atomic symbol of another isotope of silver with $62$ neutrons?

c. What is the atomic symbol and name of an atom with the same mass number as in part b and $61$ neutrons.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. The number of electrons is $47$, neutrons is $60$ and protons is $47$.

b. The atomic symbol of another isotope of silver with $62$ neutrons is $\begin{array}{c}109\\ 47\end{array}Ag$.

c. The atomic symbol and name of an atom with the same mass number as in part b and $61$ neutrons is $\begin{array}{c}109\\ 48\end{array}Cd$.

Part (a) step 1: Given Information

We need to find the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in $\begin{array}{c}107\\ 47\end{array}Ag$.

Part (a) step 2: Simplify

The standard from is : $\begin{array}{c}A\\ z\end{array}X$

Here, A is mass number of atom

Z atomic number of element

Mass Number $\left(A\right) =P + N$

$N=A-P =A-Z$

Here $Z=47 and A=107$

Therefore,

Number of electrons  $\left(e^{-}\right)$- $47$

Number of protons  $\left(P^{+}\right)$ - $47$

Number of neutrons $\left(N\right)$- $107-47=60$

Part (b) step 1: Given Information

We need to find  the atomic symbol of another isotope of silver with $62$ neutrons.

Part (b) step 2: Simplify

Now,

The standard form is: $\begin{array}{c}A\\ z\end{array}X$

Here, A is the mass number of atom

Z is the atomic number of the element

Mass Number $\left(A\right) =P + N$

Here, 

Z= $47$, N= $62$

A$$\begin{gathered} =47+62 \\ =109 \end{gathered}$$

So, the symbol is:$\begin{array}{c}109\\ 47\end{array}Ag$.

Part (c) step 1: Given Information

We need to find the atomic symbol and name of an atom with the same mass number as in part b and $61$ neutrons.

Part (c) step 2: Simplify

An atom's symbol can be presented in a format $\begin{array}{c}A\\ z\end{array}X$  where A is the atomic mass, Z is the atomic, and X is the name of the atom.

For item (c), the atomic symbol and the name of an atom with the same mass number as in part b and $61$ neutrons, must be determined it was determined that the atomic symbol of (b) is  $\begin{array}{c}107\\ 47\end{array}Ag$.

So, item (c) also has an atomic mass of  $109\left(\begin{array}{c}10\\ z\end{array}X\right)$. Then, we must subtract the number of neutrons from the atomic mass, which results in the number of protons. The number of protons is the same as the atomic number, being named after looking at the periodic table. So:

$$\begin{gathered} Z=A-Neutrons \\ Z=109-61 \\ Z=48 \end{gathered}$$

The element with an atomic number of  $48$ is Cadmium, So $\begin{array}{c}109\\ 48\end{array}Cd$.