Consider the following segment in mRNA, which is produced by normal order of DNA nucleotides -ACA UCA CGG GUA-What is the amino acid order produced from the mRNA?What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes UCA to ACA?What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes CGG to GGG?What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes UCA to UAA?What happens if a G is added to the beginning of the mRNA segment? What happens if the A...

Our required answers are:-Thr-Ser-Arg-Val--Thr-Thr-Arg-Val--The-Ser-Gly-Val-role="math" localid="1653121285016" -Thr-Stop protein synthesis would terminate early. The new protein will contain the sequence: -Asp-Ile-Thr-Gly-The new protein will contain the sequence: -His-His-Gly-

Q. 17.65 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Q. 17.65

Question

Consider the following segment in $m R N A$ , which is produced by normal order of DNA nucleotides $- A C A U C A C G G G U A -$

What is the amino acid order produced from the $m R N A$ ?
What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes $U C A$ to $A C A$ ?
What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes $C G G$ to $G G G$ ?
What is the amino acid order if a mutation changes $U C A$ to $U A A$ ?
What happens if a $G$ is added to the beginning of the $m R N A$ segment?
What happens if the $A$ is removed from the beginning of the $m R N A$ segment?

Step-by-Step Solution

Verified

Answer

Our required answers are:

$- T h r - S e r - A r g - V a l -$
$- T h r - T h r - A r g - V a l -$
$- T h e - S e r - G l y - V a l -$
$- T h r - S t o p$ protein synthesis would terminate early.
The new protein will contain the sequence: $- A s p - I l e - T h r - G l y -$
The new protein will contain the sequence: $- H i s - H i s - G l y -$

1Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the amino acid order produced from the $m R N A$

2Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

The $m R N A$ sequence $- A C A U C A C G G G U A -$ codes for the following amino acids: Threonine, Serine, Arginine, Valine. So amino acid order produced corresponding to given sequence of $m R N A$ is $- T h r - S e r - A r g - V a l -$ .

3Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the amino acid order if a mutation changes $U C A$ to $A C A$

4Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

When mutation occurs ,it changes $U C A$ to $A C A$ so the new sequence of the mRNA codons is $- A C A A C A C G G G U A -$ which codes for Threonine, Threonine , Arginine, Valine. The amino acid Serine is replaced by amino acid Threonine .

5Part (c) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the amino acid order if a mutation changes $C G G$ to $G G G$

6Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

When mutation occurs ,it changes $C G G$ to $G G G$ so the new sequence of the mRNA codons is $- A C A U C A G G G G U A -$ which codes for Threonine, Serine , Glycine, Valine. The amino acid Arginine is replaced by amino acid Glycine .

7Part (d) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find the amino acid order if a mutation changes $U C A$ to $A A A$

8Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

When mutation occurs ,it changes $U C A$ to $A A A$ so the new sequence of the mRNA codons is $- A C A A A A C G G G U A -$ which codes for Threonine, Lysine, Glycine, Valine. The amino acid Serine is replaced by amino acid Lysine .

9Part (e) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find what happens if a $G$ is added to the beginning of the $m R N A$ segment.

10Part (e) Step 2: Explanation

When $G$ is added at start in $m R N A$ so the new sequence of the $m R N A$ codons is which codes for Aspartic, Serine, Arginine, Valine. The amino acid Serine is replaced by amino acid Lysine .

11Part (f) Step 1: Given Information

We need to find happens if the A is removed from the beginning of the mRNA segment.

12Part (f) Step 1: Explanation

When $A$ is removed from start $A C A$ code get vanished and new sequence is observed in amino acid:

$- H i s - H i s - G l y -$