Q. 17.122 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Match each of the following processes $\left(1to5\right)$with one of  the items $(a to e)$:$(17.3,17.4,17.5,17.7,17.8)$

$\left(1\right)$replication of DNA $\left(2\right)$transcription $\left(3\right)$translation $\left(4\right)$recombinant DNA $\left(5\right)$reverse transcription

a. amino acids are linked together

b. RNA template is used to synthesize DNA,

c. helicase unwinds DNA,

d. genetic information is transferred from DNA,

e. sticky ends join new DNA segment.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct match each process given below,

$\left(3\right)$ translation- amino acids are linked together(a)

$\left(5\right)$ reverse transcription-  RNA template is used to synthesize DNA(b)

$\left(1\right)$replication of DNA -. helicase unwinds DNA(c)

 $\left(2\right)$transcription- genetic information is transferred from DNA(d)

 $\left(4\right)$recombinant DNA-  sticky ends join new DNA segment.(e)

Part(a) Step 1:Given information

We have been given that  amino acids are linked together.

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

We know that,

 Initiation ("beginning"): At this stage, the ribosome joins the mRNA and the first tRNA to start translation.

Part(b) Step1:Given information

We have been given that RNA template is used to synthesize DNA.

Part(b) Step2:Explanation

In some RNA viruses, a sequence of nucleotides is replicated from an RNA template during the creation of a molecule of DNA, which is the inverse of normal transcription.

Part(c) Step1:Given information

We have been given that helicase unwinds DNA.

Part(c) Step2:Explanation

In organisms, the total DNA replication process is critical for cell development and reproduction. It's also important for cell regeneration.

Part(d) Step1:Given information

We have been given that genetic information is transferred from DNA.

Part(d) Step2:Explanation

Transcription is the process through which genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA. The nucleus is where transcription takes place. After forming mature mRNA, the pre-mRNA (hnRNA) transcript is processed and transported out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.

Part(e) Step 1:Given information

We have been given that sticky ends join new DNA segment. 

Part(e) Step2:Explanation

The two pieces' sticky ends are held together by complimentary base pairing: The fragments become a single piece of intact DNA once they are united by ligase. A recombinant plasmid has now been created by inserting the target gene into the plasmid.