Q. 16.76 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Give the substrate of each of the following enzymes: $(16.4)$

a. maltase

b. fructose oxidase

c. phenolase

d. sucrase$(16.4)$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(Part a). Maltase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to the simple glucose molecule.

(Part b). Fructose is the fructose oxidase enzyme's substrate.

(Part c). The substrate of the phenolase enzyme is phenol.

(Part d). Sucrose is broken down into glucose and fructose in this reaction.

Step 1: Introduction (Part a)

According to the induced fit model, the active site and substrate are both flexible, allowing for a close fit between the substrate and active site during the reaction's completion.

• A substrate is a molecule that an enzyme acts on.
• Enzymes function as biological catalysts, increasing the rate of reaction by decreasing activation energy.
• An enzyme structure with an active site that binds the substrate.
• A substrate, like a lock and key, precisely fits the shape of the active site.

Step 2: Given information (Part a)

The substrate of the following enzymes maltase

Step 3: Explanation (Part a)

(a) The enzyme maltose catalyses the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to the simple glucose molecule. As a result, maltose serves as the substrate for maltase in this case.

Step 4: Given information (Part b)

 The substrate of each of the following enzymes fructose oxidase

Step 5: Explanation (Part b)

. Fructose is the substrate for the fructose oxidase enzyme. 

Step 6: Given information (Part c)

The substrate of each of the following enzymes phenolase

Step 7: Explanation (Part c)

.The phenolase enzyme's substrate is phenol. 

Step 8: Given information (Part d)

The substrate of each of the follow sucrase

Step 9: Explanation (Part d)

• Sucrose is the substrate for sucrose enzyme. 
• Sucrose is broken down into glucose and fructose in this reaction. 
• Sucrose $+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\stackrel{\text{ Sucrase }}{⟶}$ Glucose$+$ Fructose