Q. 14.36 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Indicate if each of the following is soluble in water. Explain.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(part a) Water soluble.

(part b) Water soluble. 

(part c) Water soluble. 

(part d) Water insoluble. 

Step1: Introduction. (part a)

Amines are organic compounds that contain nitrogen. These nitrogen-containing compounds are necessary for life as amino acids, nucleic acids, and so on. 

These amines were being used as decongestants in medicine. Alkaloids are occurs naturally amines found in plants that have strong physiological activity. Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, and other alkaloids are examples. Amines are ammonia derivatives in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been supplanted by alkyl or fragrant groups.

Step2: Given Information (part a).

Determine whether or not the amine in question is soluble.

Step3: Explanation (part a).

It soluble. Because it is a Primary $\left(1^{\circ }\right)$ amine with fewer than seven carbon atoms, it can form hydrogen bonds with water.

Step4: Given Information (part b).

Determine whether or not the amine in question is soluble.

Step5: Explanation (part b).

It soluble. It is a secondary $\left(2^{\circ }\right)$ amine with fewer than seven carbon atoms, which allows it to form hydrogen bonds with water.

Step6: Given Information (part c).

Determine whether or not the amine in question is soluble.

Step7: Explanation (part c).

It soluble. It's a tertiary $\left(3^{\circ }\right)$ amine that contains fewer than seven carbon atoms. Because it is a tertiary amine, it can establish fewer hydrogen bond than secondary and primary amines.

Step8: Given Information (part d).

Determine whether or not the amine in question is soluble.

Step9: Explanation (part d).

It is water insoluble. Water does not dissolve amines with more than seven carbon atoms.