Q. 14.35 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Indicate if each of the following is soluble in water. Explain.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(part a) The Amine in the question is soluble in water.

(part b) The Amine in the question is soluble in water. 

(part c) The Amine in the question is not soluble in water. 

(d) The Amine in the question is soluble in water. 

Step1: Introduction. (part a)

Primary $\left(1^{\circ }\right)$ amines are those in which the nitrogen atom is bound to one alkyl group. Secondary  $\left(2^{\circ }\right)$ amines with two alkyl groups bound to the nitrogen atom. Tertiary $\left(3^{\circ }\right)$ amines with three alkyl groups bound to the nitrogen atom.

Step2: Given Information (part a).

Finding the amine is soluble in water.

Step3: Explanation (part a).

It Soluble. Because it is a Primary $\left(1^{\circ }\right)$ amine with fewer than seven carbon atoms, it can establish hydrogen bonds with water.

Step4: Given Information (part b).

Finding the amine is soluble in water.

Step5: Explanation (part b).

It Soluble. It is a secondary $\left(2^{\circ }\right)$ amine with fewer than seven carbon atoms, which allows it to construct hydrogen bonds with water.

Step6: Given Information (part c).

Finding the amine is soluble in water.

Step7: Explanation (part c).

It is not water soluble. Amines containing more than seven carbon atoms are unable to produce hydrogen bonds with water.

Step8: Given Information (part d).

Finding the amine is soluble in water.

Step9: Explanation (part d).

It Soluble. It is a primary$\left(1^{\circ }\right)$ amine with fewer than seven carbon atoms, which allows it to construct hydrogen bonds with water.