Q 12.34 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst: 

a. ethyl propyl ketone                        b. formaldehyde 

c. 3-chlorocyclopentanone                d. 2-pentanone

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) The condensed structure of ethyl propyl ketone is$C{H}_3-C{H}_2-CH\left(OH\right)-C{H}_2-C{H}_2-C{H}_3$.

(b) The condensed structure of formaldehyde is${\mathrm{CH}}_3-\mathrm{OH}$.

(c) The condensed structure of $3-$chlorocyclopentanone is

(d) The condensed structure of $2-$pentanone is${\mathrm{CH}}_3-\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_3$.

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We need to draw the condensed structural formula when the compound is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

Part (a) Step 2: Explanation

In organic chemistry, alcohol oxidation is a crucial process. Aldehydes and ketone are reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

When ethyl propyl ketone is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst,$\mathrm{hexan}-3-\mathrm{one}$ is formed.

The condensed formula is $C{H}_3-C{H}_2-CH\left(OH\right)-C{H}_2-C{H}_2-C{H}_3$.

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

We need to draw the condensed structural formula when the compound is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

In organic chemistry, alcohol oxidation is a crucial process. Aldehydes and ketones are reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

When formaldehyde is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst, methanol is formed.

The condensed formula is${\mathrm{CH}}_3-\mathrm{OH}$.

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

We need to draw the condensed structural formula when the compound is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

Part (c) Step 2: Explanation

In organic chemistry, alcohol oxidation is a crucial process. Aldehydes and ketones are reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

When $3-\mathrm{chlorocyclopentanone}$ is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst, $3-\mathrm{chlorocyclopent}e\mathrm{nol}$ is formed.

The condensed structure is

Part (d) Step 1: Given information

We need to draw the condensed structural formula when the compound is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

Part (d) Step 2: Explanation

In organic chemistry, alcohol oxidation is a crucial process. Aldehydes and ketones are reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

When$2-pen\tan one$ is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst, $pen\tan -2-ol$ is formed.

The condensed structure is ${\mathrm{CH}}_3-\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_3$.