Problem 2 - An Introduction to Theories of Personality

Question

According to Adler, it is all too possible to deny our predisposition for social interest and become neurotically self-centered. Fromm argues that we must overcome our innate narcissistic tendencies in order to develop healthy and mature love. Does the difference in terminology between Adler and Fromm reflect important theoretical differences?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

While Adler and Fromm used different terminology, they both centered on the idea that our inherent self-focused tendencies need to be overcome for healthy social and personal development. Their differences lie more in their emphasis: Adler on the role of social interest against self-centeredness, and Fromm on overcoming narcissism to achieve mature love.

Step 1: Understand Adler's Theory

Adler believed that people are inherently social beings, and that they strive for superiority or success. But, if this striving is solely for personal gain, ignoring social interest, this can result in a neurotic state of self-centeredness. An important feature of Adler's theory is the emphasis on this social interest and community feeling as a crucial part of mental health.

Step 2: Understand Fromm's Theory

Fromm, on the other hand, posits that humans have an 'innate narcissistic tendency', which must be transcended to achieve mature love. Fromm's theory underlines the importance of self-love in a non-narcissistic sense as a foundation to love others. Essentially, Fromm views narcissism as a barrier towards achieving healthy interpersonal relationships.

Step 3: Compare Theoretical Differences

Both theories focus on overcoming self-centered tendencies to achieve healthy social interactions and personal growth. However, they emphasize different aspects. Adler accents on social interest and how ignoring it can lead to neurotic behaviors, while Fromm's theory emphasizes the importance of transcending our narcissistic tendencies to attain sincere and mature interpersonal relationships.