Problem 1 - An Introduction to Theories of Personality

Question

Fromm argues that "destructiveness is the outcome of unlived life." Freud contends that destructiveness occurs because we fail to sublimate our illicit instincts. since both theorists agree that we are destructive, why is this theoretical difference important?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The theoretical difference between Fromm and Freud's views on destructiveness is important because it dictates different approaches to addressing the issue. If we subscribe to Fromm's theory, we should focus on helping individuals live fulfilling lives. If we agree with Freud, our priority should be helping individuals properly sublimate their primal instincts.

Step 1: Understanding Fromm's Theory

First, let's explain Fromm's view: 'destructiveness is the outcome of unlived life.' According to him, when people are unable to express or achieve their potential, they resort to destructive behavior.

Step 2: Understanding Freud's Theory

Next, interpret Freud's theory. Freud argues that destructiveness occurs because we fail to sublimate our illicit instincts. In Freud's theory, destructiveness is a result of our inability to properly channel base instincts in a socially acceptable manner.

Step 3: Comparing Theories

Now, compare the two theories. While Fromm attributes destructiveness to the frustration of unrealized potential, Freud links it to poorly managed base instincts. The point of departure lies in how they perceive the root cause of destructiveness.

Step 4: Significance of Difference

Finally, explain why the difference is important. The theoretical difference has significant implications for how to address and mitigate destructiveness. If Fromm's view is accepted, efforts should be directed towards helping individuals realize their potential. If Freud's theory is accepted, focus should be put into helping individuals manage their base instincts in a socially acceptable manner.