Chapter 41

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes (A) occur inside cells in most animals. (B) add a water molecule to break bonds. (C) require a low pH resulting from HCl production. (D) consume ATP.

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the $$\begin{array}{ll}{\text { (A) pharynx. }} & {\text { (C) large intestine. }} \\\ {\text { (B) stomach. }} & {\text { (D) rectum. }}\end{array}$$

Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function? (A) stomach-protein digestion (B) large intestine-bile production (C) small intestine-nutrient absorption (D) pancreas-enzyme production

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach? (A) storage (B) HCl production (C) nutrient absorption (D) enzyme secretion

If you put the following events in the order they occur in the human digestive system, the third event in the series would be (A) Cells in gastric pits secrete protons. (B) Pepsin activates pepsinogen. (C) HCl activates pepsinogen. (D) Partially digested food enters the small intestine.

After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a person might need to limit his or her dietary intake of (A) starch. (B) protein. (C) srotein. (C) sugar. (D) fat.

If you were to jog 1 \(\mathrm{km}\) a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap? (A) muscle proteins (B) muscle and liver glycogen (C) fat in the liver (D) fat in adipose tissue

SCIENTIFIC INOUIRY In human populations of northern European origin, the disorder called hemochromatosis causes excess iron uptake from food and affects one in 200 adults. Among adults, men are ten times as likely as women to suffer from iron overload. Taking into account the existence of a menstrual cycle in humans, propose a hypothesis that explains this difference.

WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION Hair is largely made up of the protein keratin. In a short essay \((100-150\) words), explain why a shampoo containing protein cannot replace the protein in damaged hair.

Hummingbirds are well adapted to obtain sugary nectar from flowers, but they use some of the energy obtained from nectar when they forage for insects or spiders, as this individual is doing. Explain why this foraging is necessary.