Chapter 26

Peptide hormones are synthesized from _______. a. amino acids b. proteins c. cholesterol d. nucleic acids

Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are hormones produced in the hypothalamus but released by the ___________. a. pineal gland b. pituitary gland c. pancreas d. thalamus

Protein hormones typically bind to receptors __________. a. in the DNA b. in mitochondria c. at the plasma membrane d. at nuclear pores

Match each pituitary hormone with its target. $$ \text {antidiuretic hormone} \quad \quad \text {a. gonads (ovaries, testes)} $$ $$ \text {oxytocin} \quad \quad \text {b. mammary glands, uterus} $$ $$ \text {luteinizing hormone} \quad \quad \text {c. kidneys} $$ $$ \text {growth hormone} \quad \quad \text {d. most body cells} $$

Overproduction of _________ causes acromegaly and gigantism. a. melatonin b. insulin c. growth hormone d. cortisol

The _________ regulate(s) calcium levels in the blood. a. hypothalamus b. pancreas c. pineal gland d. parathyroid glands

_________ lowers blood sugar level; __________ raises it. a. Glucagon; insulin b. Insulin; glucagon c. Melatonin; insulin d. Cortisol; glucagon

A rise in the concentration of thyroid hormone in the blood slows the release of thyroid hormone. This is an example of __________. a. positive feedback b. negative feedback

The ___________ produces digestive enzymes and hormones. a. pancreas b. hypothalamus c. pineal gland d. parathyroid gland

Thyroid hormone ________. a. contains calcium that must be obtained in the diet b. is essential to amphibian metamorphosis c. is secreted in response to signals from the adrenal gland d. regulates insect molting

A person with an overly active thyroid gland is more likely to be unusually ____________. a. heavy b. anxious c. cold d. both a and b

During stressful situations, the adrenal glands increase their output of __________. a. cortisol b. epinephrine c. norepinephrine d. all of the above

The male sex hormone testosterone is secreted in response to secretion of hormones by the __________. a. testes b. ovaries c. pituitary gland d. pancreas

Match each disorder with its symptom(s). $$ \text {goiter} \quad \quad \text {a. puffy face, slow to heal} $$ $$ \text {pituitary dwarfism} \quad \quad \text {b. very large hands, feet} $$ $$ \text {excessive cortisol} \quad \quad \text {c. enlarged thyroid} $$ $$ \text {acromegaly} \quad \quad \text {d. high blood sugar} $$ $$ \text {diabetes} \quad \quad \text {e. short but normally proportioned} $$

Match the hormone source listed at left with the most suitable description at right. $$ \text {adrenal cortex} \quad \quad \text {a. makes gametes and hormones} $$ $$ \text {thyroid gland} \quad \quad \text {b. major control center} $$ $$ \text {pineal gland} \quad \quad \text {c. influences blood calcium level} $$ $$ \text {parathyroid gland} \quad \quad \text {d. stress increases secretions} $$ $$ \text {pancreatic islet} \quad \quad \text {e. light inhibits secretion} $$ $$ \text {posterior pituitary} \quad \quad \text {f. hormones require iodine} $$ $$ \text {hypothalamus} \quad \quad \text {g. regulates blood sugar level} $$ $$ \text {testis} \quad \quad \text {h. secretes hormones made by cell bodies in the hypothalamus} $$