Chapter 7

What is the relationship between the absorption spectrum of a pigment and the action spectrum of a process that depends on that same pigment?

What is photophosphorylation, and what is the relationship between this process and the thylakoid membrane?

Distinguish between noncyclic and cyclic electron flow and photophosphorylation. What products are produced by each? Why is cyclic photophosphorylation essential to the Calvin cycle?

Briefly explain the role of each of the following protein complexes in photosynthesis: Photosystem II, cytochrome \(b_{\sigma} / f\), Photosystem I, and ATP synthase.

In what ways do \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants have an advantage over \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) plants?

Whereas the \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) pathway and the Calvin cycle \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3}\right.\) pathway) are spatially separated in \(\mathrm{C}_{4}\) plants, in \(\mathrm{CAM}\) plants these two pathways are temporally separated. Explain.