Chapter 24

Describe the evidence suggesting that chimpanzees are the closest living relatives of humans.

Explain the out-of-Africa theory of human origins and how studies of mitochondrial DNA and the \(Y\) chromosome support it.

List four anatomical differences between chimpanzees and humans, and explain how these changes facilitated walking upright.

Given the high genetic similarity of humans and chimpanzees, how can we account for the differences we see between the two species?

Describe three possible selective factors underlying the evolution of large brains in our ancestors.

Explain how differences among different human populations arose by natural and sexual selection.

Provide arguments for and against the idea that culture, language, and consciousness are uniquely human.