Chapter 47

Choose an organism, such as an oak tree, and define its niche.

Give an example of an antagonism and a mutualism, and in each case, describe the benefits and costs to the participants.

Name three factors that help determine the species composition of a community.

Describe how a physical disturbance, such as a drought, can affect community composition.

Explain what is meant by "ecological succession" and give an example.

Describe how herbivores can affect the abundances of organisms at higher and lower tropic levels.

Choose five biomes, describe their climate and vegetation, and explain why they differ from one another.

Describe the general pattern of diversity from the equator to the poles. Provide two hypotheses to explain this pattern of diversity.