Chapter 44

A(n) _________ species has population levels so low it is at great risk of extinction in the near future.

Species are threatened by habitat ___________. a. fragmentation b. degradation c. destruction d. all of the above

Deforestation ________. a. increases mineral runoff from soil b. decreases local temperature c. increases local rainfall d. all of the above

Sulfur dioxide released by coal-burning power plants contributes to __________. a. ozone destruction b. sea level rise c. acid rain d. desertification

The "hole" in the ozone layer is most pronounced in _________ over ___________. a. fall; the Arctic b. fall; the equator c. spring; Antarctica d. spring; the equator

An increase in the size of the ozone hole would be expected to ______. a. increase skin cancers b. reduce respiratory disorders c. both a and \(b\)

A large amount of plastic has accumulated in a region of the north central Pacific as a result of __________. a. global warming b. ocean currents c. ozone depletion d. acid rain

Global climate change is causing __________. a. a decrease in sea level b. glacial melting c. acid rain d. all of the above

The Montreal Protocol banned use of __________, which contribute(s) to ozone depletion. a. DDT b. CFCs c. fossil fuels d. sulfur dioxides

A highly threatened region that is home to many unique species is a(n) ___________. a. ecoregion b. biome c. hot spot d. community

Biodiversity refers to ____. a. genetic diversity b. species diversity c. ecosystem diversity d. all of the above

Restoring a marsh that has been damaged by human activities is an example of ____________. a. biological magnification b. bioaccumulation c. ecological restoration d. globalization

Individuals help sustain biodiversity by _________. a. reducing resource consumption b. reusing materials c. recycling materials d. all of the above

Match the terms with the most suitable description. _______ hot spot _______ ozone _______ biodiversity _______ acid rain _______ endemic species _______ nonpoint source of pollution _______ global climate change _______ deforestation _______ desertification a. good up high; bad nearby b. tree loss alters rainfall pattern and is difficult to reverse c. can increase dust storms d. evolved in one region and remains there e. coal-burning is major cause f. involves release of pollutant in many areas \(\mathrm{g}\). has unique threatened species h. cause of rising sea level i. genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity