Chapter 34

______trigger immune responses. a. Cytokines d. Antigens b. Lysozymes e. Histamines c. Antibodies f. all of the above

Which of the following is not among the first line of defenses against infection? a. skin d. resident bacterial populations b. acidic gastric fluid e. complement activation c. lysozyme in saliva f. flushing action of diarrhea

Which of the following is not considered to be part of an innate immune response? a. phagocytic cells e. inflammation b. fever f. complement activation c. histamines g. presenting antigen d. cytokines h. all take part

Activated complement proteins _______ a. form pore complexes c. attract phagocytic cells b. promote inflammation d. all of the above

Name a defining characteristic of innate immunity.

Name a defining characteristic of adaptive immunity.

A dendritic cell engulfs a bacterium, then presents bacterial bits on its surface along with \(\mathrm{a}(\mathrm{n})\) _________ a. MHC marker c. \(\mathrm{T}\) cell receptor b. antibody d. antigen

Antibody-mediated responses are most effective against _____ a. intracellular pathogens d. both a and \(\underline{b}\) b. extracellular pathogens e. both \(b\) and \(c\) c. cancerous cells \(\mathrm{f}, \mathrm{a}, \mathrm{b},\) and \(\mathrm{c}\)

Cell-mediated responses are most effective against ______ a. intracellular pathogens d. both a and \(b\) b. extracellular pathogens e. both a and \(c\) c. cancerous cells f. \(a, b,\) and \(c\)

________are targets of cytotoxic \(\mathrm{T}\) cells. a. Extracellular virus particles in blood b. Virus-infected body cells or tumor cells c. Parasitic worms in the liver d. Bacterial cells in pus e. Pollen grains in nasal mucus

Allergies occur when the body responds to _____ a. pathogens c. normally harmless substances b. toxins d. all of the above

Which combination of the following types of antibodies and immune cells is central to hay fever? a. IgE and mast cells b. \(\mathrm{IgG}\) and basophils c. IgA and lymphocytes d. IgM and macrophages

Match the immune cell with the function. \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { dendritic cell } & \text { a. kills virus-infected cells }\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { B cell } & \text { b. antigen-presenter }\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { helper } \mathrm{T} \text { cell } & \text { c. activates other lymphocytes }\end{array}\) \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { NK cell } & \text { d. kill_s cells lacking MHC markers }\end{array}\)