Chapter 16

Biogeographers study ___________. a. continental drift b. patterns in the world distribution of species c. mainland and island biodiversity d. both b and c are correct e. all are correct

Evolution __________. a. is natural selection b. is heritable change in a line of descent c. may occur by natural selection d.b and c are correct

__________ has/have influenced the fossil record. a. Sedimentation and compaction b. Tectonic plate movements c. Radioisotope decay d. All of the above

Evidence suggests that life originated in the __________. a. Archaean b. Proterozoic c. Phanerozoic d. Cambrian

Did Pangea or Gondwana form first?

Homologous structures among major groups of organisms may differ in __________. a. size b. shape c. function d. all of the above

Through __________ a body part of an ancestor became modified differently in different lines of descent. a. morphological convergence b. morphological divergence c. analogous structures d. homologous structures

By altering steps in the program by which embryos develop, ____________ may lead to major differences between adults of related lineages. a. automated gene sequencing b. homeotic gene mutations c. transposons d. b and c

Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the number of ___________ mutations between species. a. gene b. neutral c. lethal d. conserved

In evolutionary trees, each branch point represents a(n) __________. a. single species b. extinction c. divergence d. adaptive radiation

Match the terms with the most suitable description. ___________stratification ___________fossils ___________homeotic genes ___________half-life ___________homologous structures ___________uniformity ___________analogous structures a. evidence of life in distant past b. geologic change has occurred repetitively in Earth's history c. human arm and bird wing d.big role in development e. layers of sedimentary rock f. insect wing and bird wing g.time it takes half of a quantity of a radioisotope's atoms to decay into a stable product